Mehmed Ali Paşa Sorunu ve sonrası mevcut İngilizce Türkçe literatürde her daim Osmanlı Devleti’nin güçsüzlüğü II. Mahmud’un içine düştüğü çaresizlik tablosu olarak tasvir edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte; Sultanla Valisi arasında sürecek olan (1831-1839) merkez açısından askeri bir mağlubiyet serisi görülebilecek bu uzun sürecin, aynı zamanda devlet adamlarının diplomatik manevraları İmparatorluğu ...

Except in Philadelphia where his greater-than-lifesize statue adorns the entrance to the great Academy of Natural Sciences, and the University of Pennsylvania biology department is housed in the building that bears his name, Joseph Leidy (1823–1891) is virtually unknown today. Yet his myriad contributions to science are important and entirely trustworthy. Although Leidy was one of America’s gre...

Henry Hyde Salter, the author of the best book on asthma to appear during the nineteenth century, was born on 2 November 1823 in Poole, Dorset, the second son of Thomas Salter FRCS, a successful Dorset surgeon. The family was very much a medical onenot only his father but his grandfather, uncle, and three brothers were all doctors. Salter matriculated at the University of London, entered King's...