The aim was to examine the injuries sustained by Spanish football players in the First Division and to compare injury-related variables in the context of both competition and training. The injury data were prospectively collected from 16 teams (427 players) using a specific web-based survey during the 2008/2009 season. A total of 1293 injuries were identified (145 were recurring injuries). The ...

55Swain, F. M., A Blumentals, and N. Prokopovich, "Bituminous and other organic substances in Pre-Cambrian of Minnesota," Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull., 42, 173-189 (1958). M Timofeev, B. V., "Spores and phytoplankton from Proterozoic and early Paleozoic of Eurasia," in Proc. 21st Int. Geol. Congr., Copenhagen, Rept. Soviet Geologists, Problem 9, 177-188 (1960) (in Russian; English abstract, p...

After having played a prisoner’s dilemma, players can approve or reject the other’s choice of cooperation or defection. If both players approve the other’s choice, the outcome is just the result of the chosen strategies in the prisoner’s dilemma; however, if either rejects the other’s choice, the outcome is the result of mutual defection in the prisoner’s dilemma. In theory, such an approval me...

Background Apathy is one of the main neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and is associated with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). Objective To identify the characteristics of apathy in individuals with PDD according to caregiver perception. Methods Thirty-nine patients with PD according to MDS criteria for PDD were included. The following scales were used: ...

BACKGROUND Childbirth is one of the most painful experiences of a woman's life. Authorities in the fields of obstetrics and anaesthesia encourage use of labour analgesia. Unlike in high-income countries, pain relief in labour in Africa is not a well established service, especially in the low-income countries like Uganda. Little is known about whether parturients would be amenable to labour anal...

3 Dedeine, F. et al. (2001) Removing symbiotic Wolbachia bacteria specifically inhibits oogenesis in a parasitic wasp. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98, 6247–6252 4 Fenn, K. and Blaxter, M. (2004) Are filarial nematode Wolbachia obligate mutualist symbionts? Trends Ecol. Evol. 19, 163–166 5 Bazzocchi, C. et al. (2007) Wolbachia surface protein (WSP) inhibits apoptosis in human neutrophils. Pa...

PURPOSE Phorbol esters are capable of inducing a broad range of cellular effects,including the maturation/differentiation of hematopoietic cell lines (E. Huberman and M. F. Callaham, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 1293-1297, 1979; J. Lotem and L. Sachs, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 5158-5162, 1979; G. Rovera et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 76: 2779-2783, 1979; H. P. Koeffler, J. Clin. I...

Rationale: The mammalian diaphanous-related formin (mDia1), governs microtubule and microfilament dynamics while functioning as an effector for Rho small GTP-binding proteins during key cellular processes such as adhesion, cytokinesis, cell polarity, and morphogenesis. The cytoplasmic domain of the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts binds to the formin homology 1 domain of mDia1; mDia1...

Late blight caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive disease in potato cultivation worldwide. New, more virulent P. infestans strains have evolved which overcome the genetic resistance that has been introgressed by conventional breeding from wild potato species into commercial varieties. R genes (for single-gene resistance) and genes for quantitative resistance to l...

OBJECTIVES We assessed basic health, women's health, and mental health among Sudanese internally displaced persons in South Darfur. METHODS In January 2005, we surveyed 6 registered internally displaced persons camps in Nyala District. Using systematic random sampling, we surveyed 1293 households, interviewing 1 adult female per household (N=1274); respondents' households totaled 8643 members...