Anadolu’da 1243 Kösedağ Savaşı yenilgisiyle başlayan Moğol hâkimiyeti, 1256’dan sonra yerini İlhanlılara bırakmıştır. İlhanlı Devleti’nin siyasi egemenliği yaklaşık seksen yıl sürmüş ancak bu dönemde siyasi, ekonomik istikrar bir türlü sağlanamamıştır. Anadolu için genel politikası vergi toplamak üzerine kurulu olup, nedenle çeşitli dönemlerde komutan ve devlet adamları görevlendirilmiştir. Anc...

This program is part of QUEST (Quasar/ULIRG Evolutionary Study) and seeks to examine the gaseous environments z < 0.3 quasars ULIRGs as a function host galaxy properties age across merger sequence from quasars. first paper in series focuses on 33 sample kinematics highly ionized gas phase traced by N V 1238, 1243 A O VI 1032, 1038 absorption lines high-quality Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmi...

Thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) improves outcome in animal models of stroke and in clinical trial, but is associated with increased intracranial hemorrhage. Here, we explore the impact of biologic and experimental design factors on efficacy and bleeding. We conducted a systematic review of studies describing the effect of tPA in thrombotic occlusion models of i...

ABSTRACT Crown rust of barley, caused by Puccinia coronata var. hordei, occurs sporadically and sometimes may cause yield and quality reductions in the Great Plains region of the United States and Canada. The incompletely dominant resistance allele Rpc1 confers resistance to P. coronata in barley. Two generations, F(2) and F(2:3), developed from a cross between the resistant line Hor2596 (CIho ...

Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) is one of the early-onset epileptic syndromes characterized by migrating polymorphous focal seizures. Whole exome sequencing (WES) in ten sporadic and one familial case of EIMFS revealed compound heterozygous SLC12A5 (encoding the neuronal K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter KCC2) mutations in two families: c.279 + 1G > C causing skipping of exon ...

Individual-as-maximizing agent analogies result in a simple understanding of the functioning of the biological world. Identifying the conditions under which individuals can be regarded as fitness maximizing agents is thus of considerable interest to biologists. Here, we compare different concepts of fitness maximization, and discuss within a single framework the relationship between Hamilton’s ...

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been identified as the major cause of chronic liver disease among patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD), despite the important reduction in risks obtained by testing candidate blood donors for anti-HCV antibodies and the use of recombinant erythropoietin to treat anemia. A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate the prevalence of HCV infection and g...

Rapidly evolving pathogens cause a diverse array of diseases and epidemics that threaten crop yield, food security as well as human, animal and ecosystem health. To combat infection greater comparative knowledge is required on the pathogenic process in multiple species. The Pathogen-Host Interactions database (PHI-base) catalogues experimentally verified pathogenicity, virulence and effector ge...

PURPOSE To highlight technical aspects and pitfalls of spinal anesthesia (SA) in infants. METHODS The medical history and perioperative course of all infants who underwent SA over a 28-month period were collected (retrospectively in the first 20). RESULTS Sixty-two infants underwent surgery under SA. Fifty-five were premature and former-premature, postconceptional age 43.3 +/- 5.0 weeks, we...

Plants are continuously exposed to myriad pathogen stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these stress signals are perceived and transduced are poorly understood. In this study, the maize gene GRMZM2G315431 was identified to be highly inducible by Rhizoctonia solani infection, suggesting that the promoter of GRMZM2G315431 (pGRMZM2G315431) might contain a specific cis-acting elemen...