In the framework of the Constrained MSSM we re–examine the gravitino as the lightest superpartner and a candidate for cold dark matter in the Universe. Unlike in most of other recent studies, we include both a thermal contribution to its relic population from scatterings in the plasma and a non–thermal one from neutralino or stau decays after freeze–out. Relative to a previous analysis [1] we u...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrient and phytochemical composition of bitter melon leaves under varying maturity levels and drying techniques. Fresh, oven-dried, and freeze-dried leaves were evaluated over 3 maturity stages. In fresh leaves at various stages, crude fat, crude protein, and soluble dietary fiber contents ranged from 4.2% to 13.6%, 6.4% to 23.1%, and 0.04% to ...

Abstract We consider a simple abelian vector dark matter (DM) model, where only the DM ( X ? ? ) couples non-minimally to scalar curvature R ?) of background spacetime via an operator form ? ?. By considering standard freeze-out scenario, we show, it is possible probe such coupled in direct detection experiments for coupling strength ??????(10 30 and mass m ? 55 TeV, satisfying Planck observed ...

In this study, the effect of edible coat (carboxy methyl cellulose) before osmotic dehydration anddifferent drying methods on sensory and physical properties of dried apple (V. Golden delicious)rings was investigated. The coated and non-coated samples pretreated with 50% sucrose osmoticsolution and dried in freeze drier (-40 to -50°C, 0.026-0.017 mbar, 24 hr), vacuum drier (70°C, 200mbar, 8-10 ...

Monomeric actin (G-actin) was purified using protocol adapted from Ref.[1] from rabbit skeletal muscle acetone powder (Pel Freeze Biologicals, Product code: 41008-3). Small aliquots of actin solution were drop frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 oC. For each experiment fresh aliquots of frozen actin were thawed and used. FLN was purified from chicken gizzard and aliquots were also stor...

This study investigates the effects of the gelatin concentration (10-40%, w/v), freezing temperatures (from -20℃ to -50℃) and freezing methods on the structural and physical properties of gelatin matrices. To freeze gelatin, the pressure-shift freezing (PSF) is being applied at 0.1 (under atmospheric control), 50 and 100 MPa, respectively. The freezing point of gelatin solutions decrease with i...

Winter soil respiration (Rs) is becoming a significant component of annual carbon budgets with more warming in winter than summer. However, little is known about the controlling mechanisms of winter Rs in dryland. We made continuous measurements of Rs in four microsites (non-crust (BS), lichen (LC), moss (MC), and a mixture of moss and lichen (ML)) in a desert shrub-land ecosystem northern Chin...

Improved production methods of starter cultures, which constitute the most important element of probiotic preparations, were investigated. The aim of the presented research was to analyse changes in the viability of Lactobacillus. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum after stabilization (spray drying, liophilization, fluidization drying) and storage in refrigerated conditions for 4 months. T...

Soft tissue allografts, such as the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft, have been frequently used for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. As allografts are subjected to freezing and thawing for multiple cycles, the objective of this study was to measure the changes of the biomechanical properties of the human BPTB allograft after 4 and 8 freeze-thaw cycles in comparison to a si...

Abstract The charging propensities of freeze-dried samples produced from combinations Piroxicam (PXM) - a BCS Class II drug with d -glucosamine HCl (GLU) potential hydrophilic carrier were investigated in this study. Freeze-dried PXM:GLU solid dispersion prepared at different ratios and characterised using analytical techniques such as XRPD, DSC SEM. In addition, the dissolution rate triboelect...