Heterogeneous environments are typically expected to maintain more genetic variation in fitness within populations than homogeneous environments. However, the accuracy of this claim depends on the form of heterogeneity as well as the genetic basis of fitness traits and how similar the assay environment is to the environment of past selection. Here, we measure quantitative genetic (QG) variance ...

Research on effects of key weather stimuli influencing waterfowl migration during autumn and winter is limited. We investigated relationships between changes in relative abundances of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and other dabbling ducks (Anas spp.) and weather variables at midlatitude locations in North America. We used waterfowl survey data from Missouri Conservation Areas and temperature and...

Background/Aims Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disabling migraine variant manifesting as severe episodes of nausea and vomiting and often refractory to many therapies. Gastric electrical stimulation (GES), which can reduce nausea and vomiting in gastroparesis, may provide symptomatic relief for drug-refractory CVS. This study assessed the utility GES in reducing the symptoms of CVS and imp...

This paper presents a low-cost and flexible solution to control and monitor home appliances using Smart Plug devices. The Smart Plug is a power switch which can be accessed via WiFi connection. It integrates two temp sensors, a current sensor and an IRemitter. Users can plug devices into the Smart Plug to remotely switch power on/off, get information of device’s power consumption and ambient te...

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of castration method (banding vs. surgical) and use of analgesia on behavior and feedlot performance in cull bulls. Angus, Hereford, and Angus-crossbred bulls (n = 20; initial BW = 384 ± 59.3 kg; 336 ± 20.1 d old) were housed in feedlot pens equipped with the ability to measure individual daily feed intake. A balanced randomized block de...

In this paper, a low voltage bandgap reference circuit has been proposed. The introduction of modified beta multiplier bias decreased the mismatch caused by PMOS transistors opamp contribution. By shifting fixed resistors to NMOSs drain side, minimised threshold between two NMOS transistors. A 200-point MC simulation showed 0.9 mV standard deviation, with 0.34% accuracy. simulated temperature c...