Clinical studies suggest that the injectable contraceptive medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) increases susceptibility to infections such as HIV-1, unlike the injectable contraceptive norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN). We investigated the differential effects, molecular mechanism of action and steroid receptor involvement in gene expression by MPA as compared to NET and progesterone (P4) in the ...

Protective effects of boswellic acid (BA) against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in Balb/ cA mice were examined. BA, at 0.05 or 0.1%, was supplied for 4 weeks. Acute liver injury was induced by APAP treatment. Results showed that BA intake increased hepatic BA bioavailability. APAP treatment decreased glutathione (GSH) level, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidized glu...

Rationally designed siRNA delivery materials that are enabled by lipid-modified aminoglycosides are demonstrated. Leading materials identified are able to self-assemble with siRNA into well-defined nanoparticles and induce efficient gene knockdown both in vitro and in vivo. Histology studies and liver function tests reveal that no apparent toxicity is caused by these nanoparticles at doses over...

the present study describes the radiation-induced effects on nutritional quality and on anti-nutritional factors of sorghum grain: effects of electron beam (er) and gamma irradiation (gr) at doses of 10, 20 and 30 kgy and infrared irradiation (ir) at 60, 90 and 120 s on the chemical composition, mineral content and bioavailability, in vitro protein and starch digestibility, total phenolic compo...

Nanoparticles are used in an increasing number of biomedical, industrial, and food applications, but their safety profiles in developing organisms, including the human fetus and infant, have not been evaluated. Titanium oxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles, which are commonly used in cosmetics, sunscreens, paints, and food, have been shown to induce emphysema and lung inflammation in adult mice. We hyp...

Background: Therapeutic and diagnosis properties of radioactive gold nanoparticle (198-AuNPs) cause them to be suitable for detection and treatment of tumors.Objective: Electrical and optical properties of PEG-198AuNPs were examined in this paper. Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-198 AuNPs can be used for treatment and diagnosis of small intestine tumors.Methods: Wireless fluorescence capsule endoscop...

Nanoparticle in vivo characteristics and interactions between nanoparticles and organisms are key components of nanotoxicology. 1H NMR was used to analyze rat urine metabolites exposed to TiO, nanopartcles by intratracheal instillation in low (0.8 mg/kg), medium (4 mg/kg) and high doses (20 mg/kg). Significant metabolite (Acetate, Valine, Dimethylamine, Taurine, Hippurate, and 2-Oxoglutarate) c...

Imisun and CLPlus are two imidazolinone tolerance traits in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) determined by the expression of two alleles at the locus Ahasl1. Both traits differed in their tolerance level to imazapyr -a type of imidazolinone herbicide- when aboveground biomass is considered, but the concomitant herbicide effect over the root system has not been reported. The objective of this wo...