P2X receptors are membrane ion channels that open in response to the binding of extracellular ATP. Seven genes in vertebrates encode P2X receptor subunits, which are 40-50% identical in amino acid sequence. Each subunit has two transmembrane domains, separated by an extracellular domain (approximately 280 amino acids). Channels form as multimers of several subunits. Homomeric P2X1, P2X2, P2X3, ...

41 The vagus nerve is comprised primarily of non-myelinated sensory neurons 42 whose cell bodies are located in the nodose ganglion (NG). The vagus has widespread 43 projections that supply most visceral organs, including the bladder. Due to its non-spinal 44 route, the vagus nerve itself is not directly damaged from spinal cord injury (SCI). 45 Because most viscera, including bladder, are dual...

Neuropathic pain is usually persistent and there is no effective treatment. Activation of P2X(3) receptor subtype in primary sensory neurons is involved in neuropathic pain. Sodium ferulate (SF) is an active principle from Chinese herbal medicine and has anti-inflammatory activities. This study observed the effects of SF on the hyperalgesia mediated by P2X(3) receptor of rats after chronic cons...