Pears are among the most economically important fruits in world that grown all temperate zones. Pyrus communis L., ‘Pyrodwarf®(S)’ rootstock is one of gene sources used to improve fruit productivity, resistance, and tolerance biotic abiotic stresses. Traditional propagation P. L. time-consuming limited by a short growing season harsh winter conditions. Therefore, vitro suitable alternative. Mur...

The presence of fungal and bacterial contamination in vitro propagation is a determinant the culture establishment. biocide PPM (Plant Preservative Mixture™) has been utilized to control contamination. According manufacture’s label, it heat-stable, broad-spectrum product, non-selective, that affects directly microorganisms without causing damage plant cells. purpose this study was evaluate infl...