نتایج جستجو برای: نسل های مختلف gis
تعداد نتایج: 562147 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
GIS eased into geography without much discord until the 1990s, when a flurry of commentaries about the relative merits of GIS made their way into a number of geographic journals. The ensuing decade was marked by varying degrees of friction between GIS practitioners and their critics in human geography. Despite the methodological chasm between the two groups, little discussion of the implication...
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روند مصرف انرژی در سال های گذشته بسیار سریع و نگران کننده بوده است . این روند در کشورهای در حال توسعه و علی خصوص در ایران بسیار بالاتر از میانگین جهانی است. یک واقعیت پذیرفته شده برای جوامع بشری این است که انرژی موردنیاز دنیا، به سرعت رو به افزایش است و در حال حاضر منابع انرژی فسیلی ارزان قیمت نیز به آرامی، اما بطور یقین، در چندین دهه ی دیگر به اتمام خواهد رسید. برای حفظ این منابع فسیلی با ارزش...
It is argued that a corporate GIS is the lowest level in a hierarchy of spatial data infrastructures (SDIs) worldwide. Therefore, SDI development can benefit from a good understanding of the nature and dynamics of development of a corporate GIS. To facilitate this cross-fertilisation, existing definitions of GIS are briefly reviewed in the context of the organisational setting of a corporate GI...
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of free and open source (FOSS) geographic information system (GIS) software within the broader contexts of the open source software movement and developments in GIS, and pose the question of whether libraries and academic departments should consider adopting FOSS GIS. Design/methodology/approach – The process of creating a basic them...
One of the important stages in the implementation of a GIS is referred to preparation of data to be entered to the system. To produce spatial data for entering to GIS using photogrammetric techniques, common and current method is to utilize photogrammetric and GIS systems individually (off-line procedure). Preparing spatial data on the basis of the mentioned method has a lot of problems, such a...
This paper makes the case that the time is right for certification and/or accreditation in GIS. The paper begins with a brief history of the debate, and details current trends in the field of GIS that are driving current initiatives in GIS certification and accreditation. The two major driving factors are major growth of the GIS profession, and initiatives coming from the Surveying community. I...
What this paper tends to address are followings. (1) A notable common characteristic of many GIS applications we ever might ignore is that the ability of analysis is not primarily provided by GIS itself, GIS generally plays roles of data management and virtual environment construction, and it is the users of GIS software that achieve that intelligencerequired process of problem solving. That is...
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