In tip-scan atomic force microscopy (AFM) that scans a cantilever chip in the three dimensions, the chip body is held on the Z-scanner with a holder. However, this holding is not easy for high-speed (HS) AFM because the holder that should have a small mass has to be able to clamp the cantilever chip firmly without deteriorating the Z-scanner's fast performance, and because repeated exchange of ...

Aflatoxin M 1 (AFM 1 ) may occur in milk and milk products, resulting from the ingestion of aflatoxin B 1 in feedstuffs by dairy cow. A total of 88 samples of Parmesan cheese marketed in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, from March 2004 to December 2004, were analyzed for AFM 1 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector following sample clean-up using immunoaffinity...

Atomic Force Microsopy (AFM) is an increasingly popular means of obtaining accurate metrological data of surface topography. The AFM measures surface topography by recording the vertical motion of a probe as it traces the profiled surface in a raster fashion. However, the metrological accuracy of AFM images is limited by image convolution between the probe tip and the sample surface. As a resul...

     The aim of this study was to evaluate aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) contamination in pasteurized milk samples in Mashhad, Iran. One hundred and ten milk samples from different supermarkets were collected during three months in spring and investigated by Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). AFM1 was found in 100% of the milk samples. About 5.4% of the samples c...

The cluster slave-spin method is implemented to research the ground state properties of honeycomb lattice Hubbard model with doping $\delta$ and coupling $U$ being its parameters. At half-filling, a single direct continuous phase transition between semi-metal antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator found at $U_{\text{AFM}}=2.43t$ that in Gross-Neveu-Yukawa universality class, where relation staggered...

This article reviews recent progress in Japan in the techniques and applications of dynamic mode atomic force microscopy (AFM), specifically focusing on three topics: (1) mechanical discrimination of intermixed two-atom species and their manipulation by frequency modulation (FM) AFM under ultrahigh vacuum; (2) sub-molecular and atomic-resolution imaging in liquids by FM-AFM; and (3) high-speed ...

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bioelectronics has attracted increasing interest in recent years because of their applications in various disciplines, such as biomedical. development of efficient bio-nano hybrid materials is a new move towards revolution of nano-bioelectronics. a novel nano-bio hybrid electrode based on zno–protein for bioelectronics applications was prepared and characterized. the electrode was made by coval...

Scanning Probe Microscopy has been routinely employed as a surface characterization technique for nearly 20 years. Atomic Force Microscopy is the most widely used subset of SPM, which can be used in ambient conditions with minimum sample preparation. AFM is able to measure three-dimensional topography information from the angstrom level to the micron scale with unprecedented resolution. This pa...

Aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)) is a hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)). After it is formed, it is secreted in the milk of mammals. Despite the potential risk of human exposure to AFM(1), data reported in literature on the metabolism, toxicity, and bioavailability of this molecule are limited and out of date. The aim of the present research was to study the absorption profile of AFM(1) ...