Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of conditions that originate from the abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells. GTDs encompass hydatidiform moles (HMs) and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). GTNs are a group of malignant diseases that require chemotherapy, or more aggressive treatment. There is a requirement for more tumor markers to predict the development of GT...

High blood pressure (BP), pulse pressure (PP), and rate pressure product (RPP) are each associated independently with a poor outcome in acute ischemic stroke. Whereas nitric oxide (NO) donors, such as glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), lower blood pressure in acute ischemic stroke, their effect on other hemodynamic measures is not known. We performed a systematic review of the effects of NO donors on s...

It has been generally acknowledged that the actions of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) are a result of its bioconversion into NO. However, recent observations have thrown this idea into doubt, with many studies demonstrating that NO is present only when there are high concentrations of GTN. We have explored this discrepancy by developing a new approach that uses confocal microscopy to directly detect...

It is universally recognized that an accurate and precise staging and classification system for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is essential to enable clinicians to assess the prognosis or the risk of patients, to individualize and to optimize their treatment. There have been a variety of staging and classification systems developed by different centres and some are still being used. ...

BACKGROUND Hydatidiform moles (HMs) are abnormal pregnancies with a propensity for developing persistent disease in the form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), which requires chemotherapy. In previous studies, the authors demonstrated that low apoptotic activity was correlated with the progression of HM to GTN, and they hypothesized that some apoptosis-related genes may determine thi...

Background. Nitric oxide (NO) donors are a candidate treatment for acute stroke and two trials have suggested that they might improve outcome if administered within 4-6 hours of stroke onset. We assessed the safety and efficacy of NO donors using individual patient data (IPD) from completed trials. Methods. Randomised controlled trials of NO donors in patients with acute or subacute stroke were...

BACKGROUND Although most patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) are cured by conventional chemotherapy, some develop drug resistance or relapse. The use of new combination drugs has been studied to treat those with resistant or relapsed disease. We evaluated the results of floxuridine, dactinomycin, etoposide, and vincristine (FAEV) chemotherapy in patients with relapsed/chemor...

Deep learning (DL) advances state-of-the-art reinforcement learning (RL), by incorporating deep neural networks in learning representations from the input to RL. However, the conventional deep neural network architecture is limited in learning representations for multi-task RL (MT-RL), as multiple tasks can refer to different kinds of representations. In this paper, we thus propose a novel deep...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of adjuvant surgical procedures in the management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). METHODS In a retrospective review of medical records at the Severance Hospital, we identified 174 patients diagnosed with GTN between 1986 and 2006. Of the 174 patients, 129 (74%) were assigned to the nonmetastatic group, and 45 (26%) to the metastatic group; of the m...

SIR, Need for pharmacological treatment of RP depends on symptom severity, patient distress and presence of underlying disease. Many treatment modalities, without gold standard, are reported in adults. Paediatric studies are scarce. Calcium channel blockers (nifedipine or amlodipine) are favoured, but response is variable and adverse events occur. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) has been used in adul...