هدف: آینده­ نگری مجموعه ­ای از توانایی­ های شناختی است. که شامل پیش­ بینی حالت­ ممکن آینده و نیازهای خود این مهارت برای برنامه­ ریزی، غلبه بر موانع رسیدن به موفقیت افراد کمک می­کند. یکی جدیدترین ابزارهای سنجش توانایی تفکر آینده­نگر در کودکان، مقیاس کودکان (مازاچووسکای مهی، 2020) است ویژگی­ روان­سنجی آن استفاده جمعیت ایرانی مورد مطالعه قرار نگرفته روش: روش پژوهش حاضر توصیفی مقطعی بود. تعداد 200 ...

تمام ترکیبات اورانیم، سمی و رادیواکتیو هستند. بودن این عنصر می‌تواند کشنده باشد. با توجه به سمیت شیمیایی رادیواکتیویته ضروری است از ورود آن طبیعت جلوگیری شود. پسماندهای خروجی مراکز صنعتی- هسته­ای نیز دارای مقادیر مختلفی اورانیم می­باشد لذا حذف پساب اهمیت ویژه­ای برخوردار است. سویی دیگر، نظر محدودیت منابع آن، بازیابی پسماندها، ارزش اقتصادی می­باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) بر اساس طرح م...

The period (per) and timeless (tim) genes encode key components of the circadian oscillator in Drosophila melanogaster. The per gene is thought to encode three transcripts via differential splicing (types A, B, and C) that give rise to three proteins. Since the three per mRNA types were based on the analysis of cDNA clones, we tested whether these mRNA types were present in vivo by RNase protec...

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common disorder of middle-aged and elderly people in which degeneration of the extrapyramidal motor system causes significant movement problems. In some patients, however, there are additional disturbances in sensory systems including loss of the sense of smell and auditory and/or visual problems. This paper is a general overview of the visual problems likely to be...

Recent electrophysiological evaluations, performed by pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and visual evoked potential (VEP) recordings, suggest that patients affected by open angle glaucoma (OAG) present a ret-inal dysfunction and a delay in neural conduction in the postretinal visual pathways (Parisi 1997). Although an impairment of the innermost retinal layers (ganglion cells and their fibres) i...

Electroretinography, a technique that objectively assesses the function of the retina, is used to evaluate the progression of retinal disorders. Part I of this two-part presentation discussed the morphologic and physiologic characteristics of the retina. The information presented in Part II can help practitioners determine when an electroretinogram (ERG) is recommended. In addition to the stand...

The slow progression of diabetic retinopathy makes it difficult to assess the effects of intervention therapy. There is thus a need for surrogate markers of visual change in diabetes. Colour vision tests and electroretinography (ERG) may be useful in this regard; yet little is known of their relative performance in the assessment of visual dysfunction in diabetes. The aim of the present study w...

A typical finding in dominant infantile optic atrophy (DIOA) is the variation of the phenotypic expression of the DIOA gene even within one family. It is of special interest for genetic consultation to evaluate an examination method for detecting subclinically involved patients. Seven patients of two families were examined. Three of them had the typical symptoms of DIOA: reduced visual acuity, ...

Silent substitution and selective adaptation techniques were used to obtain full field S-cone and L + M-cone electroretinograms from 18 patients with ocular hypertension (OHT), 9 with normotensive glaucoma (NTG), 18 with early primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 19 normal controls. Pattern electroretinograms were also recorded, using a reduced check size to increase the contribution of retin...