Aging is a complex process caused by many factors. The most important factors include exposure to UV radiation, smoking, facial muscle movement, gravity, loss and displacement of fat and bone resorption. As a symptom of aging, face loses elasticity, volume and cheerful look. While changing face proportions, the dominant part of a face is its bottom instead of the mid part. The use of three-dime...

Improvements in technology have increased the level of patient care in all aspects of medicine and surgery. This is no less true in the area of cosmetic surgery. The use of endoscopy has led to improved aesthetics with respect to postoperative scarring, decreased healing time for patients, and an increase in overall patient satisfaction. Because the endoscopic brow and midface lift accomplishes...

BACKGROUND Internal eyelid spacer graft is routinely placed during lower eyelid retraction surgery, which may be unnecessary. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of lower eyelid retraction surgery without internal graft in select cases. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing reconstructive lower eyelid retraction surgery without internal graft, by one surgeon from 2013 to 201...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate morbidity, functional, and aesthetic outcomes in midface zygomatic-maxillary buttress reconstruction using the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OCRFFF). METHODS A retrospective review of 24 consecutive patients that underwent midface reconstruction using the OCRFFF was performed. All patients had variable extension of maxillectomy d...

The molecular mechanisms by which the primordia of the midface grow and fuse to form the primary palate are not well characterized. This is in spite of the fact that failure of growth and/or fusion of these facial primordia leads to the common human craniofacial birth defects, clefts of the lip with or without clefts of the palate. Members of the transforming growth factor beta (Tgfbeta) superf...

This article reports on the early experience with the 1440-nm wavelength, using a specially designed side-firing fiber, in a four-step approach, primarily to the lower third of the midface and neck. The author presents the clinical protocol, procedure steps, outcomes, and adverse events of use of the laser. Outcomes are described at 3 months, 6 months, and 18 months.

Dental abnormalities, malformation, abnormal eruption pattern, deficient midface development, severe maxillary transverse deficiency and alveolar cleft can be seen in patients with CLP [2,3]. In order to improve facial esthetics and function, treatment of the CLP patients includes respectively nasoalveolar molding, labial repair, palatoplasty, orthodontic expansion, primary or secondary alveola...

permanent facial paralysis is a catastrophic event for involved patients. in long lasting paralysis with severe facial muscles atrophy, masseter muscle transfer is a very good choice. but its greatest problem is postoperative elongation of flap and gradual diminishing of early results and loss of symmetry. this article advocate a new modification for resolving this problem with concomitant elev...