The androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to systematically suppress/reduce androgens binding to the androgen receptor (AR) has been the standard therapy for prostate cancer (PCa); yet, most of ADT eventually fails leading to the recurrence of castration resistant PCa. Here, we found that the PCa patients who received ADT had increased PCa stem/progenitor cell population. The addition of the anti-...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can also be utilized as 'tumor stromal cells', which are associated with invasive and metastatic malignant tumor cells. Our study aimed to investigate MSCs in prostate tumors and normal MSCs and evaluate their differential characteristics. Normal MSCs (BMMSCs) were isolated from the femur and tibia ...

PURPOSE The rising incidence and life expectancy associated with prostate cancer (PCa) has led to increasing interest in predicting the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) among PCa survivors, although data regarding SPMs after PCa are controversial. METHODS We identified 30,964 patients from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan who had newly diagnosed PCa between ...

PURPOSE Identification of novel biomarkers and immunotherapy targets for prostate cancer (PCa) is crucial to better diagnosis and therapy. We sought to identify novel PCa tumor-associated antigens (TAA) that are expressed in PCa, absent in nonprostate human tissue, and immunogenic for immune responses restricted by human HLA. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AND RESULTS Using microarray analysis of normal...

Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) regulates a variety of cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis and differentiation. The aim of the current study was to investigate the alterations of phenotypic events in the long-term exposure of prostate cancer (PCa) cells to TGFβ1 and its effect on macrophage-differentiated cells. The PCa cell line, PC-3, and the subclone, M1, were exposed ...

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common type of cancer in men in the United States, which disproportionately affects African American descents. While metastasis is the most common cause of death among PCa patients, no specific markers have been assigned to severity and ethnic biasness of the disease. MicroRNAs represent a promising new class of biomarkers owing to their inherent stability and ...

PURPOSE Fatty acid synthase (FASN) regulates de novo lipogenesis, body weight, and tumor growth. We examined whether common germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FASN gene affect prostate cancer (PCa) risk or PCa-specific mortality and whether these effects vary by body mass index (BMI). METHODS In a prospective nested case-control study of 1,331 white patients with PCa and 1...

OBJECTIVE To detail the distribution of causes of death from localized prostate cancer (PCa). PATIENTS AND METHODS The database PCBase Sweden links the Swedish National Prostate Cancer Register with other nationwide population-based healthcare registers. We selected all 57 187 men diagnosed with localized PCa between 1997 and 2009 and their 114 374 PCa-free control subjects, matched according...

BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-35 is a novel inhibitory cytokine and has recently been implicated in tumor immunity. However, the role of IL-35 in prostate cancer (PCa) has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of plasma IL-35 in the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa in Chinese patients undergoing initial prostate biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using ELISA, plasma IL-35 levels were m...

In this project, we studied PCA based appearance model in visual tracking. We implemented PCA AM module in MTF framework and attempted different ways of formulating PCA. In the experiment sections, we demonstrate the tracking performance of offline PCA when combined with different search methods. PCA + Forward Compositional has shown great tracking accuracy and robustness. It indicates a good p...