Abstract Utilization of unlicensed spectrum under licensed assisted access ensuring fair co-existence with Wi-Fi networks is a good solution to address immense usage mobile data. Radio communication operation LTE in frequency band referred as LTE-unlicensed (LTE-U) or LTE-licensed access. In this paper, we consider HGNW which coverage area Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi)’s Access Point integrated wit...

The main objective of this paper is to simulate the throughput of the new generation of mobile networks and check if the results are consistent with theoretical values. The LTE network and its evolution, LTE-Advanced, were studied. Using two different simulators, the parameters that had a greater impact on maximum throughput were studied and the conclusion was that these parameters are the Band...

LTE (Long Term Evolution) networks have been introduced in 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) release 8 specifications, with an objective of high-data-rate, lowlatency and packet-optimized radio access technology. The QoS for multimedia services are defined in LTE specification. However the scheduling algorithms for supporting real time and non-real time application services are not sp...

In order to minimize the amount of energy consumption at the user equipment (UE) level, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) presented in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) an approach called discontinuous reception (DRX). Nevertheless, existing models for the LTE DRX and their extension to scenarios that support carrier aggregation (CA) and multi-stream carrier aggregation (MSCA) have seve...

Cognitive radio (CR) is a novel methodology that facilitates unlicensed users to share a licensed spectrum without interfering with licensed users. This intriguing approach is exploited in the Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) network for performance improvement. Although LTE-A is the foremost mobile communication standard, future underutilization of the spectrum needs to be addressed. There...

The linear thermal expansions (LTE) of bulk nanocrystalline ingot iron (BNII) at six directions on rolling plane and conventional polycrystalline ingot iron (CPII) at one direction were measured from liquid nitrogen temperature to 300 K. Although the volume fraction of grain boundary and residual strain of BNII are larger than those of CPII, LTE of BNII at the six measurement directions were le...

The rapidly increasing number of mobile devices, capacious data, and higher data rate are pushing to rethink the current generation of the cellular mobile communication. The next or fifth generation (5G) of the cellular networks is expected to meet the requirements. Pervasive connectivity, low latency and very high data transfer are the unique features of 5G networks. Long Term Evolution is a s...

In this article, we investigate to perform spectrum sensing in two stages for a target long-term evolution (LTE) signal where the main objective is enabling co-existence of LTE femtocells with other LTE femto and macrocells. In the first stage, it is required to perform the sensing as fast as possible and with an acceptable performance under different channel conditions. Toward that end, we fir...

Driven lattice gases are studied with the goal to understand whether at all and if so how far the very general principles of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) extend to non-LTE systems characterized by broken detailed balance.

Context. The wings of Balmer lines are often used as effective temperature diagnostics for late-type (F, G, K) stars under the assumption they form in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). Aims. Our goal is to investigate the non-LTE excitation and ionisation of hydrogen and the formation of Balmer lines in late-type stellar atmospheres, to establish if the assumption of LTE is justified. Furt...