Vegetation index (NDVI) was extracted from bi-temporal multispectral images based on the data obtained from Landsat ETM + on 14 th , September, 2000 , Landsat ETM + on 9 th , September, 2004 , Landsat ETM + on 15 th , May, 2008 and Landsat-8 on 21 st , May 2013 for Dangshan County in Anhui Province. Analysis and data extraction was carried out using the ENVI 5.0 software. Normalized values of t...

The Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) scan line corrector (SLC) failed on May 31, 2003, causing the scanning pattern to exhibit wedge-shaped scan-to-scan gaps. The ETM+ has continued to acquire data with the SLC powered off, leading to images that are missing approximately 22 percent of the normal scene area. To improve the utility of the SLC-off data, the U.S. Geological Survey (U...

The Landsat 7 (L7) spacecraft and its instrument, the enhanced thematic mapper plus (ETM+), have been consistently characterized calibrated since launch in April of 1999. These performance metrics calibration updates are determined through U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) image assessment system (IAS), which has performing this function launch. Starting 2016, USGS adopted a tiered collection mana...

two different methods of bayesian segmentation algorithm were used with different band combinations. sequential maximum a posteriori (smap) is a bayesian image segmentation algorithm which unlike the traditional maximum likelihood (ml) classification attempts to improve accuracy by taking contextual information into account, rather than classifying pixels separately. landsat 7 etm+ data with pa...

The coal development zone of Northern Shaanxi, China is one of the eight largest coal mines in the world, also the national energy and chemical bases. However, the coal mining leads to ground surface deformation and previous studies show that in collapse fissure zone soil water losses almost 50% compared with non-fissure zone. The main objective of this study is to develop a retrieval model tha...

The latest generation of photovoltaic cells are perovskite-based solar that can be fabricated through a simple and affordable process using high-efficiency power. This review also present zinc oxide (ZnO) adopted as an electron transport material (ETM) layer in the planar perovskitesolar due to its shynthesis excellent electrical properties. ZnO ETM conventional perovskite. Doping Aluminium (Al...

The limited radiometric resolution and expiring life expectancy of the Landsat sensors have prompted this study to investigate the potential of using ASTER imagery in conjunction with Landsat imagery. This project developed methods to calibrate processed ASTER imagery and Landsat 7 ETM+ imagery to equivalent measurements for change detection studies. Landsat 7 ETM+ and ASTER imagery of southwes...

The Xiemisitai area, West Junggar, Xinjiang, China, is situated at a potential copper mineralization zone in association with small granitic intrusions. In order to identify the alteration zones and mineralization characteristics of the intrusions, Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) and Quickbird data of the study area were evaluated in mapping lithological units, small intrusions, and alt...