Background: In neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and acute RDS (ARDS) mechanical ventilation is often necessary to manage hypoxia, whilst protecting the lungs through lower volume ventilation and permissive hypercapnia. Mechanical ventilation can, however, induce or aggravate the lung injury caused by the respiratory distress. Helium, in a gas mixture with oxygen (heliox), has a low ...

PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of the new drug calfactant with the commonly used drugs surfactant-TA and poractant alfa. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 332 preterm infants at 24-31 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) were enrolled and allocated to three groups according to the surfactant instilled; Group 1 (n=146, surfactant-TA), Group 2 (n=96, calfactant), and Group ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation (NIMV) compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) would decrease the requirement for endotracheal ventilation in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants <35 weeks. STUDY DESIGN Randomized, controlled, prospective, single-center study. Forty-one infants were randomized to...

AIMS To determine if nitric oxide (NO) products (nitrate and nitrite) are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid obtained from infants who develop chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD). METHODS One hundred and thirty six serial bronchoalveolar lavages were performed on 37 ventilated infants (12 with CLD, 18 with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), and seven control infants) who ...

The contribution of animal science to the medical revolution: some case histories Coalition for Medical Progress, an alliance of organisations with the common aim of ensuring the uK continues to lead advances in human and animal medicine, explains why animals are used in PicTUre crediTs cover: All images: Wellcome Photo Library except mouse, dog and monkeys Institute of Animal Technology and sh...

The in-plane optical anisotropy (IPOA) in InAs/GaSb superlattices has been studied by reflectance difference spectroscopy (RDS) at different temperatures ranging from 80 to 300 K. We introduce alternate GaAs- and InSb-like interfaces (IFs), which cause the symmetry reduced from D 2d to C 2v . IPOA has been observed in the (001) plane along [110] and [1[Formula: see text]0] axes. RDS measurement...

To recruit a sample of sexual minority women with diversity in regards to age and race, the Chicago Health and Life Experiences of Women study (CHLEW), a longitudinal study of sexual minority women’s health, used respondent driven (RDS) sampling. RDS, a refinement of chain referral sampling, uses initial participants or “seeds” recruited by the research team, to recruit the remainder of the pan...

Purpose: This study was aimed to reveal the involvement of miRNAs in RDS by bioinformatics analysis. Methods: The data in this study came from the paper of Kan et al. who analyzed the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile between RDS patients and normal controls. Based on the identified differentially expressed miRNAs, we predicted the target genes, lncRNA and circRNA. Then we performed functiona...

Surfactant replacement therapy by ‘INSURE’ is a gentle ventilatory approach in preterms with Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) reducing the mortality and is associated with less adverse sequelae than mechanical ventilation. The objective of the present study is to determine the role of surfactant therapy by INSURE in reducing the mortality of preterms with RDS. 59 preterm babies with RDS were...

Respiratory distress presents as tachypnea, nasal flaring, retractions, and grunting and may progress to respiratory failure if not readily recognized and managed. Causes of respiratory distress vary and may not lie within the lung. A thorough history, physical examination, and radiographic and laboratory findings will aid in the differential diagnosis. Common causes include transient tachypnea...