The biocatalyzed conversion of hyocholic acid (3α,6α,7α-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid) into ω-muricholic (3α,6α,7β-trihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic has been obtained exploiting a small library 7α- and 7β-HSDHs (hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases). process optimized performed avoiding the isolation 7-oxo intermediate using appropriate coupled enzymes for in situ cofactor regeneration. Moreover, reducti...

Our ongoing investigations on the stem bark of Uncaria macrophylla afforded a new ursolic triterpene, 3β,6β,19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid-24-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1), named uncariursanic acid, and three known ursolic triterpenes including 3β,6β,19α-trihydroxy-23-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (2), 3β,6β,19α-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (3) and ursolic acid (4). Their structures we...

Bile salts of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae, Smith, have been analyzed and shown to have three bile alcohols, latimerol, 5 alpha-cyprinol, and 5 alpha-cholestane-3 beta, 7 alpha,-12 alpha,25,26-pentol, two C24 bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, one C26 bile acid, probably 3 beta, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-27-nor-5 alpha-cholestan-26-oic acid, and two C27 bile acids, 3 a...

We introduce novel interference cancellation schemes in order to improve the performance in the partial block multi-carrier code division multiple access (PB/MC-CDMA) environment. We are called OIC (order interference canceller). In the OIC scheme, we should find the signal which is the strongest step by step and later removed from the receiver signals to reduce the interference. The OIC is abl...

The clerodane diterpenoids trans-kolavenolic acid, 18-oxocleroda-3,13(E)-dien-15-oic acid, ent-(18-hydroxycarbonyl)-cleroda-3,13(E)-dien-15-oate, 2-oxo-ent-cleroda-3,13(Z)-dien-15-oic acid and trans-2-oxo-ent-cleroda-13(Z)-en-15-oic acid, and the chlorobenzenoid O-(3-hydroxy-4-hydroxycarbonyl-5-pentylphenyl)-3-chloro-4-methoxy-6-pentyl-2-oxybenzoic acid were isolated from Tessmannia martiniana ...