the painful nature of fractures has made it inevitable to use various anesthetic techniques to reduce or immobilize fractured parts. in the present study, axillary nerve block was compared with intravenous midazolam/fentanyl to induce anesthesia for painless reduction of upper extremity fractures. the subjects in the present clinical trial consisted of 60 patients with upper extremity fractures...

The quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the interplay between the anion˗π and intramolecular hydrogen bond (IMHB) interactions in the various complexes of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (ANB) with Hˉ, Fˉ, Clˉ and Brˉ anions. For better understanding the cooperative effects, the parent molecules (ANB) and the corresponding complexes of 1,3,5˗trinitrobenzene with the...

OBJECTIVE To establish the sagittal and vertical skeletal pattern of the Romanian patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS Lateral cephalograms of forty patients, divided in two groups, group I--twenty patients with OSA (15 males and five females) and aged between 34-76 years and group II (control group)--twenty patients with class II malocclusion (eight males and 12 ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the skeletal vertical and sagittal effects of the Hyrax expander in Class I, II, and III patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and eighty-three patients (91 females, 92 males) with a mean age of 8.7 years and with maxillary bilateral cross-bite and maxillary hypoplasia were analyzed retrospectively. They were divided into three groups according to their...

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the pharyngeal airway in growing children and adolescents and to compare these with a group of children who received activator-headgear Class II treatment. The sample consisted of 64 children (32 males and 32 females), 32 had a combined activator-headgear appliance for at least 9 months (study group) followed by fixed appliance therapy in most pa...

The aim of the study was to assess age-related changes in sagittal jaw relationship during pre-pubertal and pubertal development on the basis of angular [ANB, anteroposterior dysplasia indicator (APDI) and A-B plane angle] and linear (Wits, AF-BF, App-Bpp, and App-Pgpp) measurements. Lateral cephalograms of orthodontically untreated subjects were evaluated at 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15 years of age. C...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the pharyngeal airway space changes in patients treated with rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and Herbst appliance with or without skeletal anchorage. METHODS A 40-patient study group treated with the Herbst RME combination was included; moreover, a comparison between two subgroups based on whether miniscrews were used was evaluated. A subgroup ...

The study was carried out to investigate the etiological skeletal factors differentiating class 2 malocclusions from class one malocclusion patients at Jinnah Medical & Dental College, Orthodontics department. A total of 34 (M:F ratio 13: 2 1) skeletal class 1 malocclusion patients (group A) and 39 (M:F ratio 23:16) severe class 2 division one malocclusion (group B) patients were selected at th...

This article evaluates the use of distraction osteogenesis in the treatment of mandibular retrognathia and laterognathia and the long term treatment results of the patients treated with this technique. The procedure was carried out in 5 subjects (3 males and 2 females, mean age 18.4 years) aged between 14 years and 27 years. In patients treated with bilateral mandibular distraction, it was obse...

The association between craniofacial morphology and congenitally missing teeth is at present unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate whether hypodontia is associated with changes in the sagittal skeletal profile and to identify putative relationships between the skeletal profile and the severity of hypodontia. In a cross-sectional analytical study, the craniofacial structure and pro...