Gliomas are the most common and lethal tumor type in the brain. The present study investigated the effect of oligomer procyanidins (F2) (F2, degree of polymerization 2-15), a natural fraction isolated from grape seeds on the biological behavior of glioblastoma cells. We found that F2 significantly inhibited the glioblastoma growth, with little cytotoxicity on normal cells, induced G2/M arrest a...

________________________________________________________________________________________________________ F2/F3 of voiced plosives and F1/F2 of vowel in VCV Sequences in Children with a Cleft Palate-An acoustic Study The aim of this acoustic study is to examine place of articulation during the production of voiced plosives by children with a cleft palate. The data are compared with those obtaine...

This study examines the potential role of the auditory spectral integration in phonetic vowel quality decisions. Synthetic stimuli included a “virtual formant (F2)” which was produced by inserting two pairs of sine waves below and above a “perceptual target frequency” (the spectral center-of-gravity, COG). Intensity weighting across the pairs of sine waves created a virtual F2, i.e., an F2 perc...

This study reports on the acoustic properties of the front vowel /i/ and the fronted back vowel /u/ in Standard Southern British English (SSBE). These two vowels are realized with very similar (and for some tokens overlapping) values of F2, so that F2 does not seem to be a reliable acoustic cue for the distinction between the two vowels. To test further possible cues to the English front-back c...

Najjar and Holt (1, 2) have demonstrated that their fluorescent urinary pigments, F1 and F2, are related to nicotinic acid metabolism in such a way that their estimation in urine is of diagnostic use in human pellagra (1) and in canine black tongue (1, 2). As nicotinic acid deficiency progresses, the daily excretion of F1, starting from a low level, slowly rises and then falls again; and the da...

Epidemiological studies have shown an association between low birthweight and adult disease development with transmission to subsequent generations. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of intrauterine growth restriction in rats, induced by uteroplacental insufficiency, on cardiac structure, number, size, nuclearity, and adult blood pressure in first (F1) and second (F2) gener...

Background. Oxidative stress is increasingly important in health research. Therefore, it is necessary to understand which factors determine basal oxidative stress. This study examines the associations of various determinants with markers of oxidative DNA and lipid damage: 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and F2-isoprostanes. Methods. Data are from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anx...

Many products of lipid oxidation have been associated with human diseases. These include F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs), hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid products (HETEs), and cholesterol oxidation products (COPs). Here we present measurements of F2-IsoPs, HETEs, COPs, and arachidonate in single plasma samples of patients with acute (dengue fever and ischemic stroke) and chronic (Parkinson's) diseases,...

We follow the rules: D is a non empty set, f1, f2 are finite sequences of elements of D, and i, n, n1, n2, n3, n4, n5, n6 are natural numbers. We now state two propositions: (1) If n ¬ len f1, then (f1 a f2)⇂n = ((f1)⇂n) a f2. (2) (f1 a f2)↾(len f1 + i) = f1 a (f2↾i). A Gene-Set is a non-empty non empty finite sequence. Let S be a Gene-Set. We introduce GA− SpaceS as a synonym of UnionS. Let f ...

The aim of this study was to investigate antifungal activity of a range of different molecular weight (MW) chitosan against Penicillium italicum. Our results demonstrate that the antifungal activity was dependent both the MW and concentration of the chitosan. Among a series of chitosan derived from the hydrolysis of high MW chitosan, the fractions containing various sizes of chitosan ranging fr...