AIM To explore the effect of simvastatin on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during delayed cerebral vasospasm (dCVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-six male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: 1) Control group (n=12): given conventional breeding and normal sodium (0.9%) was injected twice into the cisterna ...

Previous studies have demonstrated that activation of Akt may alleviate early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study is undertaken to determine whether iron metabolism is involved in the beneficial effect of Akt activation after SAH. Therefore, we used a novel molecule, SC79, to activate Akt in an experimental Sprague-Dawley rat model of SAH. Rats were randomly d...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele has been associated with unfavorable outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), suggesting that apoE plays an important role in the response of the brain to SAH. We determined the concentration of apoE in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with SAH and a control group to test the hypothesis that alterations in CSF apoE ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There are limited indicators available to predict cerebral vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The purpose of this study was to determine if CT perfusion-derived hemodynamic parameters are predictors of vasospasm severity and outcome after experimental SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS SAH was induced in 25 New Zealand white rabbits. Cerebral blood flow (...

Background: Accumulating evidence suggests that neuroinflammation plays a critical role in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Pannexin-1 channels, as a member of gap junction proteins located on the plasma membrane, releases ATP, ions, second messengers, neurotransmitters, and molecules up to 1 kD into the extracellular space, when activated. Previous studies identified tha...

The hydrogen clearance method was used to measure local and total cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the rhesus monkey before and for five hours after a simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). CBF remained stable after SAH unless SAH was associated with a fall in cerebral perfusion pressure. In addition, cerebrovascular resistance did not increase after SAH. These results suggest that vasoactive age...

miRNAs are important regulators of translation and have been associated with the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases including stroke and may be possible prognostic biomarkers. The purpose of the present study was to determine the expression levels of miRNAs in the sera of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) patients and to evaluate their relationships with the severity and clinical ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes acute vasoconstriction that contributes to ischemic brain injury shortly after the initial bleed. It has been theorized that decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to acute vasoconstriction. Therefore we examined the effect of the NO donor N-nitroso glutathione (GSNO) on acute vasoconstriction and early ischemic glu...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE CT angiography is increasingly used to evaluate patients with nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage given its high sensitivity for aneurysms. We investigated the yield of digital subtraction angiography among patients with SAH or intraventricular hemorrhage and a negative CTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS An 11-year, single-center retrospective review of all consecutive patient...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because intracranial aneurysms develop during life, patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and successfully occluded aneurysms are at risk for a recurrence. We studied the incidence of and risk factors for recurrent SAH in patients who regained independence after SAH and in whom all aneurysms were occluded by means of clipping. METHODS From a cohort of patients wit...