The power take-off (PTO) stability is one of the most important concerns for wave energy converters (WECs). PTO unit converts mechanical produced by absorber (WA) into useful electrical energy. Due to drastic input variation real motions, generated from significantly fluctuates and potentially harmful electronic appliances. This paper proposes an improved hydraulic (HPTO) WECs. An HPTO comprise...

To improve the efficiency and stability of an eccentric rotating wave energy converter (ERWEC), adaptive hydraulic power-take-off (PTO) system with accumulator is designed developed. Experiments are performed to analyze effects trigger pressure, delay time, open state duration on average output power fluctuation index. The results show that those three control parameters strongly coupled. exper...

This study primarily investigates an optimum energy conversion efficiency of asymmetric wave converter (WEC). A power take-off (PTO) system that provides a constant load torque opposite to pitch motion was implemented. Incident conditions were selected based on the measured data in western sea Jeju Island, South Korea. An calculated by comparing time-averaged extracted with various PTO torque. ...

Offshore wind energy has become a major source, and various studies are underway to increase the economic feasibility of floating offshore turbines (FOWT). In this study, characteristics wave-induced motion combined wind-wave platform were analyzed reduce variability extraction. A user subroutine was developed, numerical analysis performed in connection with ANSYS-AQWA hydrodynamic program time...

Programmed cell death (PCD) is triggered when Pto, a Ser-Thr protein kinase, recognizes either the AvrPto or AvrPtoB effector from Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato. This PCD requires mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK alpha ) as a positive regulator in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Nicotiana benthamiana. To examine how PCD-eliciting activity of the tomato MAPKKK alpha prot...

Ca(2+) signaling is an early and necessary event in plant immunity. The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) kinase Pto triggers localized programmed cell death (PCD) upon recognition of Pseudomonas syringae effectors AvrPto or AvrPtoB. In a virus-induced gene silencing screen in Nicotiana benthamiana, we independently identified two components of a Ca(2+)-signaling system, Cbl10 (for calcineurin B-li...

We studied the Baeyer–Villiger (BV) type oxidation of phenylrhenium trioxide (PTO) by H2O2 in the aqueous phase using Quantum Mechanics (density functional theory with the M06 functional) focusing on how the solution pH and the para-substituent affect the Gibbs free energy surfaces. For both PTO and MTO (methylrhenium trioxide) cases, we find that for pH > 1 the BV pathway having OH as the leav...