Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA Treatment planning for patients with this congenital disorder according to their age, eruption of teeth and anatomical type of the disorder is summarized here. It should be noticed that reconstruction of ear, soft tissue lesions and neurological lesions in patients is done after complete reconstruction ...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA One of the concerns od patients have been teeth stains particularly in anterior region. The etiology of this can be pulp necrosis, developmental disorders, drugs and systemic diseases. Bleaching or tooth whitening is a solution for some of these color changes. This article evaluated different methods of...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA Frenum or Frenulum is defined by Miller as a membrane joining two parts that causes movement limitation. Oral cavity frenums are : 1) labial frenums of maxilla and mandible which are also known as inhibition of lips. 2) lingual frenum of tongue located between central incisors 3) frenum in mandibular pr...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA In recent years, Medical science has been developed remarkably in treatment of malignant diseases. New treatment modalities, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy in patients with different types of neoplasm have cured some cases and increased their life long. On the other hand, considerable comp...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA 60 dental students were randomly selected to obtain upper and lower jaw impressions. After excluding some non-classic cases, 50 mandibular and maxillary casts ( 34 M/16F) have been prepared for studying. Measuring was done via  Boly Dial Guage collis  attached to the vertical part of a surveyor. Poster...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA In some dentoalveolar disorders, orthodontic treatments are occasionally failed during the treatment or even after retention phase. As a result, identifying the reasons of failure would be helpful. Since various indistinct factors can cause treatment failure, we focused on skeletal class 2 divisions 1 d...

Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE AR-SA Buccal surface of Extracted permanent teeth was divided into two parts and etched by 30, 37, 50 and 60% concentrations of phosphoric acid gel and solution. Sealant replica was obtained from the etched surfaces of 50% gel and solution and the samples were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). V...