OBJECTIVE To present the theoretical and experimental characterization of the halo in multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOL). METHOD The origin of the halo in a MIOL is the overlaying of 2 or more images. Using geometrical optics, it can be demonstrated that the diameter of each halo depends on the addition of the lens (ΔP), the base power (P(d)), and the diameter of the IOL that contributes to...

The ATP-inhibited Plant Mitochondrial K(+) Channel (PmitoKATP) was discovered about fifteen years ago in Durum Wheat Mitochondria (DWM). PmitoKATP catalyses the electrophoretic K(+) uniport through the inner mitochondrial membrane; moreover, the co-operation between PmitoKATP and K(+)/H(+) antiporter allows such a great operation of a K(+) cycle to collapse mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ)...

The contingency assessment situation and the signal detection situation are similar in that the information on which the decision is based is uncertain. Nevertheless the two research endeavours have progressed independently, each with its own traditions and each motivated by different theoretical perspectives. Recently, some researchers have integrated these two lines of research and have demon...

A computer model was used to simulate the dependence of protonmotive force (Δp), proton leak and phenomenological (involving proton leak) ATP/O2 ratio on work intensity in skeletal muscle. Δp, NADH and proton leak decreased with work intensity. The contribution of proton leak to oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) decreased from about 60% at rest to about 3 and 1% at moderate and heavy/sev...

On an atomic Read-Modify-Write (RMW) object one can read the complete old contents s of the object and simultaneously update its contents as a function δ(s) of the old contents in a single, indivisible, atomic operation. It is known that these RMW objects do not have a wait-free implementation in the asynchronous PRAM model—in which processors can only communicate with each other through atomic...