Luteinizing hormone (LH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) are integral components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which controls sexual maturation and functionality. In the absence of signaling through their shared receptor, fetal sexual differentiation and post-natal development cannot proceed normally. Although they share a high degree of homology, the physiologic roles of t...

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between nuchal translucency (NT) values measured in first trimester and well-being of newborn. Methods: The was planned as a retrospective cross-sectional conducted January 2018 2020. A total 2394 patients who had combined test delivered at our university hospital were included study. demographic data pregnant women recorded. NT MoM val...

Background: During early pregnancy raised beta human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) level occurs during placental development. It may be used for identifying the induced hypertension. There are certain factors that causes hypertension and preeclampsia. However, many of associated specific cause is not known. Some common risk preeclampsia nulliparity, in a previous pregnancy, family history, his...

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is not only responsible for numerous pregnancy-related processes, but can affect the cardiovascular system as well. So far, however, information about any direct effect elicited by hCG on cardiac function, perfusion, and the mechanisms involved has remained scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the primary in vivo effect of hCG on cardiac con...

Endometrial carcinoma with a germ cell tumor component is a rare event. Here we report a uterine neoplasm with a unique combination of endometrioid adenocarcinoma and mixed germ cell malignant elements. A 28-year-old woman with abnormal vaginal bleeding, an abdominal mass, and elevated alfa-fetoprotein and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels had a history of biopsy of an omental ma...

BACKGROUND Bilateral ectopic pregnancy is a rare condition and is divided in two subgroups, primary and secondary, based on history of assisted reproductive technology. CASE PRESENTATION A 30 year old primigravid woman with history of infertility and ovulation induction presented to a hospital in Kashan in year 2013. She had vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain and ultrasound findings suggested e...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critically involved in the determination of immunity vs. tolerance. Hence, DCs are key regulators of immune responses either favoring or disfavoring fetal survival. Several factors were proposed to modulate DC phenotype and function during pregnancy. Here, we studied whether the pregnancy hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is involved in DC regulation. In vitro...