OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude and characteristics of the injury burden in South Africa within a global context. METHODS The Actuarial Society of South Africa demographic and AIDS model (ASSA 2002) - calibrated to survey, census and adjusted vital registration data - was used to calculate the total number of deaths in 2000. Causes of death were determined from the National Injury Mortali...

AIMS This paper summarizes the relationships between different patterns of alcohol consumption and various on non-communicable disease (NCD) outcomes and estimates the percentage of NCD burden that is attributable to alcohol. METHODS A narrative review, based on published meta-analyses of alcohol consumption-disease relations, together with an examination of the Comparative Risk Assessment es...

AIM To provide a comprehensive assessment of burden of selected cancers in Serbia. METHOD We calculated disability adjusted life years (DALY)-- the sum of the years of life lost (YLL) from premature mortality and the years lived with disability (YLD)--for cancers of stomach, colon and rectum, lung, breast, and cervical cancer for central Serbia and Vojvodina, Serbia and Montenegro. The obtain...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a rare chronically debilitating disease. There are few reports on the burden of disease of MS and prevalence in China. The authors intended to estimate disease burden and prevalence of MS in Shandong Province using available epidemiologic data. METHODS Prevalence was calculated using DISMOD II software based on incidence extrapolated from hospitalization ...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the disease burden of cancer in the affiliate population of the Mexican Social Security Institute (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) in 2010 by delegation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years of Life Lost (YLL) due to premature mortality and Years Lived with Disability/Disease (YLD) for 21 specific cancers and a subgroup of o...

of the surfaces z, with the property that a curve y9 intersects a surface yj once or zero times, modulo T, according as i is equal to or different from j. In other words, the intersection of y9 with yj is determined by the coefficient of ysyj in the bilinear form ytyj (mod x) Let 7rt' denote the number of times, modulo r, that a curve y9 cuts the surface zj bounded by y. The numbers 7r-' are th...

Years of life lost (YLLs) are estimated based on mortality and cause of death (CoD); therefore, it is necessary to accurately calculate CoD to estimate the burden of disease. The garbage code algorithm was developed by the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study to redistribute inaccurate CoD and enhance the validity of CoD estimation. This study aimed to estimate cause-specific mortality rates an...

We consider the ensemble of n × n Wigner hermitian matrices H = (hlk)1≤l,k≤n that generalize the Gaussian unitary ensemble (GUE). The matrix elements hkl = h̄lk are given by hlk = n (xlk + √ −1ylk), where xlk, ylk for 1 ≤ l < k ≤ n are i.i.d. random variables with mean zero and variance 1/2, yll = 0 and xll have mean zero and variance 1. We assume the distribution of xlk, ylk to have subexponent...

Globally, the incidence of communicable diseases has decreased compared to non-communicable diseases. However, chronic communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis persist worldwide. Furthermore, emerging new infections such as H1N1 influenza pose a new threat to public health. However, most studies have focused on non-communicable diseases because of their increasing incidence, with...

BACKGROUND South Africa is experiencing epidemiological transition, with the burden of chronic diseases increasing. Stroke is currently the second leading cause of death in South Africa; however, limited data are available on incidence, prevalence and resulting disability. Quantifying the epidemiological parameters and disease burden is important in the planning of health services. AIMS To sy...