Climate simulations of the Eemian interglacial and the last glacial inception have been performed by forcing a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model with insolation patterns of these periods. The parameters of the Earth’s orbit have been set to conditions of 125 000 and 115 000 years before present (yr BP). Compared to today, these dates represent periods with enhanced and weakened...

Past studies have demonstrated a significant relationship between the phase and amplitude of the Northern Annular Mode (NAM) and both Arctic sea ice and high-latitude snow cover during boreal autumn. However, those studies have considered these forcings separately. Here we consider the collective effect of Arctic sea ice and snow cover variability for producing skillful subseasonal forecasts fo...

Introduction: This paper describes how American federal, state, and local organizations created, sourced, and disseminated emergency information via social media in preparation for several winter storms in one county in the state of New Jersey (USA). Methods: Postings submitted to Twitter for three winter storm periods were collected from selected organizations, along with a purposeful sample o...

Antarctica is one of the regions where the earth’s surface is warming most rapidly. The interdecadal warming trend over much of Antarctica during the austral winter is about 1 ◦C decade−1, which is almost twice that of the global mean. There is increasing observational and modeling evidence that high-latitude warming is linked to localized heating in the tropics. Here we show that interdecadal ...

The evolution of snow depth in the central Spanish Pyrenees was analyzed using measurements from 106 snow stakes over a period of 14 yr (1985–1999). Relationships were considered between the regional series of snow depths at the end of winter and in the middle of spring with respect to precipitation and temperature in previous months. Both variables explained a large percentage of the interannu...

Polar seabirds adopt different over-wintering strategies to survive and build condition during the critical winter period. Penguin species either reside at the colony during the winter months or migrate long distances. Tracking studies and survey methods have revealed differences in winter migration routes among penguin species and colonies, dependent on both biotic and abiotic factors present....

Trends during summer and winter in body mass and composition, insulation, body temperature, and metabolism were investigated in seasonally acclimatized Dark-eyed Juncos (Bunco hyemalis) from western Oregon to determine if patterns of acclimatization were similar to those of passerines inhabiting harsher winter habitats. Body mass was significantly increased in winter (19.4 + 0.2 g) compared to ...

In this research, the historic data of NOAA /AVHRR NDVI (1981-2000) and the anomaly vegetation index were utilized. Monitoring and analyzing the winter wheat drought situation in the pre-green up period, green up period, heading period and filling period from 1997 to 2000 in Hebei province, Discussing the effects of drought situation in the key growing periods on the winter wheat yield, Taking ...

[1] Successfully predicting the phase and strength of the dominant winter mode of variability for the Northern Hemisphere (NAO/AO) is considered the most important future breakthrough in winter climate prediction; however skillful prediction of the index has been elusive. In this Letter we present a snow index constructed from observed summer and fall anomalies that is more highly correlated th...

Planting date of soybean, Glycine max, influenced winter survival of Pratylenchus brachyurus in microplots at two locations in North Carolina. Delayed planting resulted in a linear decrease (P = 0.05) in the numbers of P. brachyurus at soybean harvest. Effects of planting date on nematode numbers persisted over winter, indicating that survival in the absence of a host is density independent. Co...