REDUCED ACTIVITY OF THE POTENT ANABOLIC EFFECTORS insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), play a role in aging associated muscle loss. The effect of fitness level on IGF-I and FGF-2 responses to all-out anaerobic exercise in older men was studied. Twenty four healthy older males: 12 higher fit (58 ± 1y) and 12 lower fit (59 ± 1y) underwent the Wingate anaero...

Purpose: This study evaluated the test-retest reliability of the Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT) performed on a Velotron electromagnetically-braked cycle ergometer (EE) for powertrained athletes and assessed whether a familiarization trial was necessary to achieve high test-retest reliability. Methods: Twentyone male ice hockey players (age 23.5 ± 4.7 yrs, mass 86.3 ± 16.6 kg, height 180.9 ± 7.4 ...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to compare the body composition, heart rate variability, and aerobic and anaerobic performance between competitive cyclists and triathletes. [Subjects] Six cyclists and eight triathletes with experience in competitions voluntarily participated in this study. [Methods] The subjects' body composition was measured with an anthropometric tape and skinfold caliper...

AMP deaminase (AMPD) deficiency is an inherited disorder of skeletal muscle found in approximately 2% of the Caucasian population. Although most AMPD-deficient individuals are asymptomatic, a small subset has exercise-related cramping and pain without any other identifiable neuromuscular complications. This heterogeneity has raised doubts about the physiological significance of AMPD in skeletal...

(1) BACKGROUND: studies with able-bodied athletes showed that performance might possibly be influenced by vitamin D status. Vitamin D seems to have a direct impact on neuromuscular function by docking on vitamin D receptors in the muscle tissue. Additionally, a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was shown not only in infants and in the elderly but also in healthy adults and spinal cord inj...

The effects of adaptation to a high-fat diet on endurance performance are equivocal, and there is little data regarding the effects on high-intensity exercise performance. This study examined the effects of a high-fat/moderate protein diet on submaximal, maximal, and supramaximal performance. Twenty non-highly trained men were assigned to either a high-fat/moderate protein (HFMP; 61% fat diet) ...

The Wingate cycle ergometer test is a widely used test of sustained muscular power. A limitation of the test is the lack of development and retrieval of stored elastic energy due to a lack of an eccentric phase. To measure mechanical power output of the entire stretch-shortening cycle, the test of Bosco et al (1983) was administered to 119 male athletes in 7 different activities during their pr...

C. Bernard, T. DeGrand, C. DeTar, Steven Gottlieb, Urs M. Heller, J. E. Hetrick, N. Ishizuka, C. McNeile, K. Rummukainen, R. Sugar, D. Toussaint, M. Wingate Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA SCRI, The Florida State Unive...

Paul Merola of the Connecticut DJLP. for allowing access to hunter-killed ducks. Many thanks to Beth Wingate-Ehrhorn for help with everything.

This study examined the relationship between estimates of alactacid anaerobic power, lactacid anaerobic power and aerobic power in a sample of trained swimmers (age 14.4 yr., n = 8) and a sample of untrained boys (age 13.7 yr., n = 13). The anaerobic power outputs were estimated using a modification of the Wingate Anaerobic Test and aerobic power was estimated using a continuous, incremental cy...