Migration of plant populations is a potential survival response to climate change that depends critically on seed dispersal. Biological and physical factors determine dispersal and migration of wind-dispersed species. Recent field and wind tunnel studies demonstrate biological adaptations that bias seed release toward conditions of higher wind velocity, promoting longer dispersal distances and ...

The accretion disk in AGN is expected to produce strong outflows, in particular a UV-line driven wind. Several observed spectral features, including the soft X-ray excess, have been associated with the accretion disk wind. However current spectral models of the X-ray spectrum of AGN observed through an accretion disk wind, known to provide a good fit to the observed X-ray data, are ad-hoc in th...

It is known that wind turbines actually operate in the lower part of the atmospheric 11 boundary layer (ABL), the modelling of this ABL flow is an important precondition for the 12 simulations of wind turbine wakes. So, the capabilities of various inlet boundary conditions with 13 related modelling methodologies in constructing equilibrium ABL are validated firstly through 14 cases of a neutral...

We resolve the paradox that although magnetic collimation of an isotropic solar wind results in an enhancement of its proton flux along the polar directions, several observations indicate a wind proton flux peaked at the equator. To that goal, we solve the full set of the timedependent MHD equations describing the axisymmetric outflow of plasma from the magnetized and rotating Sun, either in it...

The distribution of neutron stars (NS's) is determined by stationary solution of the Fokker–Planck equation. In this work using the observed period changes for four systems: Vela X–1, GX 301–2, Her X–1 and Cen X–3 we determined D, the 'diffusion coefficient',– parameter from the Fokker–Planck equation. Using strong dependence of D on the velocity for Vela X–1 and GX 301–2, systems ac-creting fr...

in this study, changes in speed and turbulence intensity in the wake of a peugeot model and the drag coefficient changes with increases vehicle speed in unsteady flow measured and evaluated. the blow open circuit wind tunnel to simulate fluid flow is used. disturbances and nominal maximum speed of the device, respectively is, 30 m / s and 0.01%. has been continuously increasing speed by an inve...

The relationship between gas transfer velocity and wind speed was evaluated at low wind speeds by quantifying the rate of evasion of the deliberate tracer, SF6, from a small oligotrophic lake. Several possible relationships between gas transfer velocity and low wind speed were evaluated by using 1-min-averaged wind speeds as a measure of the instantaneous wind speed values. Gas transfer velocit...