downbursts are small-scale, short-lived and energetic events in the atmosphere. they usually occur from the beginning of spring to summer when the weather is more humid and the convective weather conditions are suitable. because of the small-scale property of the downburst, it has sometimes been observed only in a meteorological station and other stations have not observed considerable changes....

The hardware shift to multi-core processors and multiprocessor systems calls for new software and systems development tools to help developers transform their code into parallel applications and gain performance increases. Developers now have to know how to create software and architect systems that can use parallel hardware efficiently. Virtualized systems development is a development methodol...

Climate model results suggest that future climate change in Antarctica will be accompanied by continued strengthening and poleward contraction of the Southern Ocean westerly wind belt. Paleoclimate records suggest past changes in the westerly winds can be abrupt and that healing of the Antarctic ozone hole could lead to poleward contraction of the westerlies and increased meridional atmospheric...

Visualization of the results a loop spectral fits onto time-averaged XMM-Newton / RGS spectrum Ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 247 ULX-1. The parameter space explored by covers range wind velocities (as constrained Doppler shift absorption lines) and photoionization parameters

Stonitsch and Markowski perform multiple-Doppler radar analyses of a cold front over Oklahoma and Kansas. Despite their interesting results, their explanations include a number of misconceptions about cold fronts. These misconceptions include the proper interpretation of the frontogenesis function, the role of entrainment versus differential surface sensible heat flux toward weakening the virtu...

A comparison is made of the traditional Loschmidt (reversibility) and Zermelo (recurrence) objections to Boltzmann’s H-theorem, and its simplified variant in the Ehrenfests’ 1912 wind-tree model. The little-cited 1896 (pre-recurrence) objection of Zermelo (similar to an 1889 argument due to Poincaré) is also analysed. Significant differences between the objections are highlighted, and several o...

The eddy-driven jet is located in the midlatitudes, bounded on one side by the pole and often bounded on the opposite side by a strong Hadley-driven jet. This work explores how the eddy-driven jet and its variability persist within these limits. It is demonstrated in a barotropic model that as the jet is located at higher latitudes, the leading mode of variability of the jet changes from a meri...

Most major features of the interdecadal shift in boreal winter-spring precipitation over the American continents associated with the 1976–1977 transition are reproduced in atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) simulations forced with observed sea surface temperature (SST). The GCM runs forced with global and tropical Pacific SSTs produce similar multidecadal changes in precipitation, indi...

Cyclonic atmospheric vortices of varying intensity, collectively known as low-pressure systems (LPS), travel northwest across central India and produce more than half of the precipitation received by that fertile region and its ∼600 million inhabitants. Yet, future changes in LPS activity are poorly understood, due in part to inadequate representation of these storms in current climate models. ...