As the use of wind energy increases in the United States, there has been significant interest in assessing the integration cost of wind. With higher penetration, these costs have been shown to increase, but are generally modest relative to the price of wind energy. Although specific tariffs for wind generation for ancillary services are uncommon, we anticipate that balancing authorities (contro...

Future electricity consumption is fundamentally uncertain and dependent on many variables such as economic activity, weather, electricity rates and demand side management. The stochasticity of system load as well as power generation from renewable energy sources (RES) (i.e., wind and solar) poses special challenges to power system planners. Increasing penetration levels of wind and solar exacer...

An experimental study is conducted to characterize the dynamic wind loads and evolution of the turbulent vortex and flow structures in the wake of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT). In addition to measuring dynamic wind loads (both aerodynamic forces and moments) acting on a wind turbine model, a high-resolution Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system was used to make “free-run” and phase-l...

The stable boundary layer (SBL) is a stably stratified atmospheric layer that usually forms in the night over land when the earth cools as a result of a net loss of radiation[7]. The wind field characteristics in SBL distinctly differ from those in unstable boundary layer that forms in the daytime. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show how the longitudinal wind speed and the wind direction change with the...

Standalone operation of a wind turbine generating system under fluctuating wind and variable load conditions is a difficult task. Moreover, high reactive power demand makes it more challenging due to the limitation of reactive capability of the wind generating system. A Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS) system consisting of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), hybrid energy storage, a...

Using experimental data acquired during a wind turbine measurement campaign, it is shown that amplitude modulation of aerodynamic noise can be generated by the rotating blades in conjunction with the atmospheric wind shear. As an attempt to alleviate this phenomenon, a control strategy is designed in form of a cyclic pitch of the blades. As a side effect, it is shown that it is also possible to...

The power world is sauntering towards ecofriendly distributed generation (DG), their integration into the distribution network postures challenges to existing load flow techniques. This paper is concerned with developing models of various types of wind turbine generating systems (WTGSs) used as distributed generation (DG) sources and demonstrating their application for steady state analysis. As...