introduction integrated weed management is based on combination of several management methods, while reducing the rate of the use of herbicides, will result in efficient management and sustainable weed control. ability of crop tolerance and prevent weed growth are two important traits in weed competition. an appropriate and suitable cultivar, has high yield potential in the presence of weed and...

Neem is the name used to describe a heterogenous group of compounds derived from the tree Azadirachia indica, an evergreen of the mahogany family Melaceae and endemic to the Indian subcontinent and other tropical and subtropical areas. It is also known as India Lilac or margosa tree and more colloquially as ‘Panacea for all diseases’ and ‘Village Pharmacy’. Virtually every part of the tree incl...

Functionality of Marve seed gum (Salvia Macrosiphon Boiss) on rheological properties and staling of Baguette bread have been studied. Three different concentrations of 0.1 %, 0.5% and 1% (w/w, flour basis) were applied and this hydrocolloid affected the quality of the stored bread to some extent. The effects of Marve seed gum on the rheological properties of dough was also investigated instrume...

Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), like many legumes, are rich in iron, zinc, and certain other microelements that are generally found to be in low concentrations in cereals, other seed crops, and root or tubers and therefore are good candidates for biofortification. But a quandary exists in common bean biofortification: namely that the distribution of iron has been found to be variable betw...

We present evidence that the acoustic component of the strut display of male sage grouse Centrocercus urophasianus is highly directional and that the nature of this directionality is unique among measured vertebrates. Where vertebrate acoustic signals have been found to be directional, they are most intense anteriorly and are bilaterally symmetrical. Our results show that sage grouse acoustic r...

Chios mastic gum, a plant-derived product obtained by the Mediterranean bush Pistacia lentiscus (L.) var. chia (Duham), has generated considerable interest because of its antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant and other beneficial properties. Its aqueous extract, called Chios mastic water (CMW), contains the authentic mastic scent and all the water soluble components of mastic. In the present s...

in this research, during three consecutive years (2010-2012), a series of diallel crossing was performed among wild type barberry genotypes and iranian seedless barberry. setting of seed and fruit in the crossing have been studied and then seedling survival were evaluated in several cultural systems. results showed significant effects of pollen sources on setting of fruits, seed and seeded frui...

introduction: ispharzeh is a plant from genus plantago whose seeds are used commercially for the production of mucilage. the plant is mainly cultivated in iran and middle east. psyllium is mainly used as a dietary fiber to relieve symptoms of both constipation and mild diarrhea and occasionally as a food thickener. research has also shown benefits in reducing cholesterol levels. basil seed gum ...

Biopolymers from a group of polysaccharides are used in treatments enhancing sowing material crops due to their physical and chemical properties, susceptibility modification, biodegradability high bioactivity. Natural polymers, such as: chitosan, alginian, celulose, galaktoglucomannans, lignin gellan gum, can be as binders seed coating or carriers active substances microorganisms. Moreover, bio...

Tobacco seeds show a coat-imposed dormancy in which the seed envelope tissues (testa and endosperm) impose a physical constraint on the radicle protrusion. The germination-limiting process is represented by the endosperm rupture which is induced by cell-wall weakening. Transgenic tobacco seeds, obtained by insertion of exogenous genes codifying for seed-based oral vaccines (F18 and VT2eB), show...