Salinity is a major threat to the sustainability of irrigated agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions. Leaching primary measure for removing excess salts from root zone, but not all water applied soil surface contributes removal salts. In clayey soils, bypass flow along cracks can occur without being mixed with saline pore matrix. To present field dataset quantitatively evaluate contribution ...

the estimation of instantaneous peak discharge is important for watershed management because there is ainsufficient climatic and hydrologic data in countries such as iran. researchers have been forced to link constantparameters (geomorphology) and variable parameters (hydrology) to models with minimum dependence on climaticand hydrologic data for hydrologic estimation. the present study used a ...

Results Subxiphoid pericardial drainage and right thoracic pleural drainage were performed under local anesthesia. Pericardial serous fluid of 400 ml was drained. The right pleural serous fluid of 500 ml was drained. A subxiphoid pericardial and right thoracic drainage tube were inserted during surgery and removed after 4 days. No microorganism was cultivated from pericardial and pleural fluids...

l and drainage has been central to the development of North America since colonial times, with the first organized drainage efforts occurring as early as the 1600s (Evans et al. 1996). Drainage has been encouraged to improve public highways, reduce public health risks, promote increased crop yield and reduced yield variability, reduce surface runoff and erosion, and increase land value. Agricul...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the clinical short-term results of a primary closure following laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) combined with intraoperative choledochoscopy and D-J tube drainage for choledocholithiasis treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-five patients (14 women and 11 men) who underwent LCBDE with primary duct closure and D-J tube drainage for choledoc...