Lifelong low-phenylalanine (Phe) dietary management is the foundation of care in phenylketonuria (PKU). However, strict monitoring of food intake places a burden on patients and their caregivers, and adherence to the required diet frequently decreases in later childhood and adolescence. Rarely, parents of children with PKU refuse to recognise the importance of treatment and follow-up for this c...

How do people think about fairness in settings with uncertainty? One view holds that fairness requires equality of opportunity; another holds that it requires equality of outcomes. Relative to the resolution of uncertainty, the first view takes an ex ante perspective, while the second takes an ex post perspective. In this paper, we conduct a laboratory experiment designed to determine which per...

Random or Referral Hiring: When Social Connections Matter This study investigates the existence of hiring criteria associated with the degree of social connections between skill and low-skill workers. We provide evidence about to what extent managers rely on their social connections in recruiting low-skill workers rather than on random matching. As one unique feature we follow an approach for a...

We investigated the effects of unobtrusively primed constructs that were evocative of tolerance (e.g., tolerant, nonprejudiced) on subsequent task performances and found, contrary to our expectation, contrast effects in the judgment of an ambiguous behavioral description (Study 1 and 2). Suspecting that these results might be the outcome of social-comparison processes, in Study 3, we attempted ...

Our program of research focuses on shame as a key emotional response to "social self" threats (i.e., social evaluation or rejection). We propose that shame may orchestrate specific patterns of psychobiological changes under these conditions. A series of studies demonstrates that acute threats to the social self increase proinflammatory cytokine activity and cortisol and that these changes occur...

☆ Author acknowledges support from the Canadian Insti authors acknowledge no potential conflicts of interest. ⁎ Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 604 828 3342. E-mail address: [email protected] (M. Muthukrish http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.05.004 1090-5138/© 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Article history: Initial receipt 22 November 2014 Final revision received 21 May 2015

This paper examines the mitigating effect of social accounts on retaliatory behavior in a mini-ultimatum game setting. Results from games with 108 German high school students support the hypothesis that an ex ante informational and sensitive message can decrease an individuals' negative perception of an unfair offer and increase the acceptance of the outcome. Furthermore, the moderating effect ...

Philosophers and social scientists have often argued (both implicitly and explicitly) that rational individuals can form irrational groups, and that, conversely, rational groups might be composed of irrational individuals. We call the conjunction of these two claims the Independence Thesis, as together they imply that prescriptions for individual and group decision-making respectively are logic...

The functions of rapid increases in testosterone seem paradoxical because they can occur in response to different social contexts, such as male-male aggressive encounters and male-female sexual encounters. This suggests that context may impact the functional consequences of changes in testosterone, whether transient or long term. Many studies, including those with California mice (Peromyscus ca...