We compare two stylized frameworks for the implementation of monetary policy. The first framework relies only on standing facilities, and the second one relies only on open market operations. We show that the Friedman rule cannot be implemented in the first framework, but can be implemented using the second framework. However, for a given rate of inflation, we show that the first framework unam...

a neat alternative label, but at least "longstay hostel" is accurate and not, so far anyway, an emotionally-charged term. The suggestion that this type of hostel should be administered by the local authority welfare department overlooks the responsibilities placed on local health authorities by the Mental Health Act, and in practice the services for the mentally retarded already run by the heal...

Rabbits obtained from a South African rabbit breeder exhibited deformities of the distal forelimbs. The clinical, radiological and histological presentation of mid-antebrachial valgus formation (a.k.a distal foreleg curvature) in these rabbits was consistent with an autosomal recessive trait associated with a chondrodystrophic lesion of the distal ulna epiphysis 1st described in the 1960s. The ...

Employment of people with disabilities in the agricultural sector has an important role to play solving labor shortages and promoting employment welfare sector. This review summarizes development process overall information on initiatives Japan, examines future possibilities challenges by comparing them social overseas. In United States, support for is provided collaboration state governments u...

This model discusses mobile network operators’ (MNOs) incentives to invest in their network facilities such as new 4G networks under various regimes of data roaming charge regulation. Given an induced externality of investments (spillovers) due to the roaming agreements it will be shown that MNOs, competing on investments, widely set higher investments for below cost regulation of roaming charg...

I study competition of the governments that make a decision on the investment in their public facilities, which yield an excludable good with nonrivalry. Special attention is paid to their strategic interaction, their spatial relationship, an opportunity to exploit third party regions, and a discrete nature of some of their choices. Their decision making process is analyzed as a two-stage game ...

Many animals are bred specifically for use in laboratories; the genetic variation between individuals is minimised, and housing and husbandry is often standardised. The rationale is to decrease the variation of the scientific findings, and allow a reduction in number of animals used, although these relationships are questioned. Non-human primates used in laboratories present a different case; t...

Many animals are bred specifically for use in laboratories; the genetic variation between individuals is minimised, and housing and husbandry is often standardised. The rationale is to decrease the variation of the scientific findings, and allow a reduction in number of animals used, although these relationships are questioned. Non-human primates used in laboratories present a different case; t...