OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to evaluate successful weight loss maintainers' use of self-monitoring technology. METHODS National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) participants, who maintained a ≥13.6 kg weight loss for ≥1 year, completed an online survey about self-monitoring technology use. The NWCR sample (n = 794) was compared with a demographically similar subsample of 833 indivi...

OBJECTIVE The paper presents a new trend of weight-for-height index of 2397 school children (1268 boys and 1129 girls) aged 6.5-11.5 years by sex in a representative sample from primary schools of Shiraz (Southern Iran) at an interval of 15 years (1988-2003) and its relation to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data (2000). METHODS The data relate to a multi-stage random sam...

The problem of reasoning in Bayesian networks with knowledge updating is considered. The reasons of this updating are the following: not precise data evaluation, changes in the surrounding world, testing data introduction and adaptive systems. This knowledge updating forces the repetition of the reasoning process. The idea of updating process in message-passing architectures is presented. The c...

Survey of several forms of updating, with a practical illustrative example. We study several updating (conditioning) schemes that emerge naturally from a common scenario to provide some insights into their meaning. Updating is a subtle operation and there is no single method, no single 'good' rule. The choice of the appropriate rule must always be given due consideration. Planchet (1989) presen...

As examples such as the Monty Hall puzzle show, applying conditioning to update a proba­ bility distribution on a "naive space", which does not take into account the protocol used, can often lead to counterintuitive results. Here we exam­ ine why. A criterion known as CAR ("coarsening at random") in the statistical literature character­ izes when "naive" conditioning in a naive space works. We ...

The authors show that the updating of working memory (WM) representations is carried out by the cooperative act of 2 dissociable reaction time (RT) components: a global updating process that provides stability by shielding WM contents against interference and a local process that provides flexibility. Participants kept track of 1-3 items (digits or Gibson figures). In each trial, the items eith...

Based on Peskun's theorem it is shown that optimal transition matrices in Markov chain Monte Carlo should have zero diagonal elements except for the diagonal element corresponding to the largest weight. We will compare the statistical efficiency of this sampler to existing algorithms, such as heat-bath updating and the Metropolis algorithm. We provide numerical results for the Potts model as an...

Abstract Identifying community structure is an important issue in network science and has attracted attention of researchers in many fields. It is relevant for social tasks, biological inquires, and technological problems. In this paper, we proposed a new approach based on self-organizing map to community detection. By using a proper weight-updating scheme, a network can be organized into dense...

Metaplasticity property of biological synapses is interpreted in this paper as the concept of placing greater emphasis on training patterns that are less frequent. A novel implementation is proposed in which, during the network learning phase, a priority is given to weight updating of less frequent activations over the more frequent ones. Modeling this interpretation in the training phase, the ...