Results from animal studies have consistently suggested that lignans play a role in the regulation of in body weight, but evidence from human studies has been limited. We examined the associations between urinary excretion of enterolactone and enterodiol, the major intestinal microbial metabolites of dietary lignans, and 10-year prospective weight change using data from 2 well-characterized coh...

A case series of 12 obese patients admitted to medical intensive care unit (ICU) due to life-threatening diseases and the influence of weight loss on cardiovascular parameters is presented. We assessed body weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, pulse, and laboratory values on admission. At discharge from ICU patients were counseled on how to lose weight. They were examined one and six ...

CONTEXT Cardiometabolic effects of second-generation antipsychotic medications are concerning but have not been sufficiently studied in pediatric and adolescent patients naive to antipsychotic medication. OBJECTIVE To study the association of second-generation antipsychotic medications with body composition and metabolic parameters in patients without prior antipsychotic medication exposure. ...

BACKGROUND The regional Mediterranean Diet has been associated with lower risk of disease. OBJECTIVE We tested the health effects of the New Nordic Diet (NND), which is a gastronomically driven regional, organic, and environmentally friendly diet, in a carefully controlled but free-living setting. DESIGN A total of 181 centrally obese men and women, with a mean (range) age of 42 y (20-66 y)...

BACKGROUND Treatment with tenofovir is sometimes associated with renal dysfunction. Limited information is available on this side effect in patients with small body weight, although the use of tenofovir will spread rapidly in Asia and Africa, where patients are likely to be of smaller body weight. METHODS In a single-center cohort, Japanese patients with HIV infection who started tenofovir-co...

BACKGROUND The extent of weight change is varied for specific foods. This highlights the effect of dietary quality and food choices on weight control. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the association between alterations in food group intake and weight change over a 3 years follow-up period. MATERIALS AND METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted on 851 adults in the frame...

OBJECTIVE Studies in type 2 diabetes report both increased mortality for normal weight and no evidence of an obesity paradox. We aimed to examine whether adipose tissue, muscle size, and physical function, which are known to vary by weight, mediate associations between BMI and mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The AGES-Reykjavik cohort comprised participants aged 66-96 years with diabete...

Undernutrition is common among tuberculosis (TB) patients. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of multi-micronutrient supplementation during TB treatment on weight, body composition, and handgrip strength. A total of 865 patients with smear-positive (PTB+) or -negative (PTB-) pulmonary TB were randomly allocated to receive a daily biscuit with or without multi-micronutrients fo...

Intermittent energy restriction may result in greater improvements in insulin sensitivity and weight control than daily energy restriction (DER). We tested two intermittent energy and carbohydrate restriction (IECR) regimens, including one which allowed ad libitum protein and fat (IECR+PF). Overweight women (n 115) aged 20 and 69 years with a family history of breast cancer were randomised to a...

OBJECTIVE Factors associated with weight gain during pregnancy that may be linked to maternal overweight and obesity were examined. METHODS In this observational study, 144 women reported on demographics, (prepregnancy) body weight, and lifestyles in self-reported questionnaires at 30 weeks gestation. Body weight at the end of pregnancy (self-reported at 6 weeks postpartum) was used to determ...