Cylindrical or taper-and-cylinder combination optical fiber probe based on evanescent wave has been widely used for immunofluorescence biosensor to detect various analytes. In this study, in contrast to the contradiction between penetration depth and analyte diameter of optical fiber probe-based evanescent wave, we demonstrate that double-taper optical fiber used in a radiation wave-based all-f...

Incomplete penetration is a type of welding defect that severely impacts the quality weldments. In order to identify levels in pulsed laser and plasma transferred arc (laser-PTA) hybrid welding, this paper uses structure-borne acoustic sensors detect signals. Their characteristics are then analyzed with respect time frequency domains. Acoustic signals characteristic incomplete-penetration defec...

The present article deals with the two parts: (i)The propagation of plane waves in a microstretch thermoelastic diffusion solid of infinite extent. (ii)The reflection and transmission of plane waves at a plane interface between inviscid fluid half-space and micropolar thermoelastic diffusion solid half-space.It is found that for two-dimensional model, there exist four coupled longitudinal waves...

This experimental study focused on the controlled acoustical excitation of a round gas jet injected transversely into crossflow. Use of an open loop, “feed forward” controller or compensator in the experiments 1 allowed for straightforward comparisons to be made among jet responses to different conditions of acoustic excitation of jet fluid. It was found that, for a variety of excitation freque...

We use macroscopic holes drilled in a bulk YBCO superconductor to probe its magnetic properties in the volume of the sample. The sample is subjected to an AC magnetic flux with a density ranging from 30 mT to 130 mT and the flux in the superconductor is probed by miniature coils inserted in the holes. In a given hole, three different penetration regimes can be observed: (i) the shielded regime,...

Multiple areas of concealed intraventricular conduction are deduced on the basis of aftereffects observed in His bundle recordings. Electrocardiograms and His bundle recordings are presented from two patients with unstable bilateral bundle branch block, the instability of which depended on the interval at which ventricular depolarization was initiated by sinus or paced impulses. This circumstan...

We study the lags with which new technologies are adopted across countries, and their penetration rates once they are adopted. Using data from the last two centuries, we estimate both the extensive and the intensive margins of technology adoption. We document two new facts: there has been convergence in adoption lags between rich and poor countries, while there has been divergence in penetratio...