Airlines are increasingly using regional jets to better match aircraft size to high value, but limited demand markets. This has been especially important following increased financial pressure on the industry after September 11 2001. The increase in regional jets represents a significant change from traditional air traffic patterns. To investigate the possible impacts of this change, this study...

the effect of grain size, tailwater depth and grain froude number on local scour caused by submerged horizontal jets issuing below a sluice gate was investigated. noncohesive sediments with two gradations downstream of a horizontal apron were used in the experiments. the experiments were carried out at different inflow froude numbers and a range of tailwater depth from low to high submergence. ...

We deduce a classification of all special types of nonholonomic 3-jets. In the introductory part, we summarize the basic properties of nonholonomic r-jets. Generally speaking, a very attractive phenomenon of the problem of classifying the special types of nonholonomic 3-jets is that its solution is heavily based on the Weil algebra technique, even though no algebras appear in the formulation of...

In a global process linking the Earth's climate with its ecosystems, massive photosynthetic isoprene (ISOP) emissions are converted to light-scattering haze. This phenomenon is imperfectly captured by atmospheric chemistry models: predicted ISOP emissions atop forest canopies would deplete the oxidizing capacity of the overhead atmosphere, at variance with field observations. Here we address th...

Fast-swimming hydromedusan jellyfish possess a characteristic funnel-shaped velum at the exit of their oral cavity that interacts with the pulsed jets of water ejected during swimming motions. It has been previously assumed that the velum primarily serves to augment swimming thrust by constricting the ejected flow in order to produce higher jet velocities. This paper presents high-speed video a...

I argue that the Doppler shift asymmetries observed in some young stellar object (YSO) jets result from the interaction of the jets with the circumstellar gas, rather than from jets’ rotation. The jets do rotate, but at a velocity much below claimed values. During the meeting I carefully examined new claims, and found problems with the claimed jets’ rotation. I will challenge any future observa...

An overview of general phenomenology and proposed physical mechanisms of large scale electrical discharges termed ‘blue jets’ and ‘gigantic jets’ observed at high altitude in the Earth’s atmosphere above thunderstorms is presented. The primary emphasis is placed on summarizing available experimental data on the observed morphological features of upward jet discharges and on the discussion of re...

We present results from Chandra X-ray imaging and spectroscopy of a flux-limited sample of flat spectrum radio-emitting quasars with jet-like extended structure. Twelve of twenty quasar jets are detected in 5 ks ACIS-S exposures. The quasars without X-ray jets are not significantly different from those in the sample with detected jets except that the extended radio emission is generally fainter...

We analyzed simultaneous extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) data from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) and H data from Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). In the active region studied, we found several EUV jets which repeatedly occurred where pre-existing magnetic ux was \canceled" by newly emerging ux of opposite polarity. The jets look like Yohkoh soft X-ray jets, but are smaller and ...

This paper presents a new event generator, ALPGEN, dedicated to the study of multiparton hard processes in hadronic collisions. The code performs, at the leading order in QCD and EW interactions, the calculation of the exact matrix elements for a large set of parton-level processes of interest in the study of the Tevatron and LHC data. The current version of the code describes the following fin...