Jordan is considered one of the countries in the world with the scarcest of water resources. This has led to deterioration of the groundwater quality and an increase in the salinity levels. The dominant environmental challenge expanding population. Rainfall is confined largely to the winter season and ranges from around 660 mm in the north-west of the country to less than 130 mm in the extreme ...

Ionic polymer hydrogels with thermal responsive units are found to induce higher water permeation rates in the osmosis process, and higher water release rates under a combination of pressure and thermal stimuli. These hydrogels have the potential for use as draw agent in forward osmosis desalination.

In this work the conduction of ion-water solution through two discrete bundles of armchair carbon and silicon carbide nanotubes, as useful membranes for water desalination, is studied. In order that studies on different types of nanotubes be comparable, the chiral vectors of C and Si-C nanotubes are selected as (7,7) and (5,5), respectively, so that    a similar volume of fluid is investigated ...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a fast-emerging water desalination technology in which a small cell voltage of ~1 V across porous carbon electrodes removes salt from feedwaters via electrosorption. In flow-through electrode (FTE) CDI cell architecture, feedwater is pumped through macropores or laser perforated channels in porous electrodes, enabling highly compact cells with parallel flow and ...

In spite that three-quarters of the Earth's surface is covered by water, the shortage of freshwater supply is posing a great threat to human survival. Therefore, seawater desalination has been considered a useful method to produce freshwater, and their use has increased significantly over the past two decades. This paper presented a mathematical model for the transient laminar flow in the seawa...

Nanoporous grapheme-based materials have been widely recognized as an emerging and promising membrane material or selective layer of membranes to be used in separation [1] and purification applications [2, 3]. For instance, a pioneered modeling work reported by Cohen-Tanugi and Grossman [4, 5] shows that a graphene sheet with subnanometer pores can provide superior water transport rate and high...