J. E. Houlahan (http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3491-353X) ([email protected]), Dept of Biology, 100 Tucker Park Road, Univ. of New Brunswick, Saint John, NB, E2L 4L5, Canada. – S. T. McKinney, Univ. of Maine, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Orono, Maine, United States. – T. M. Anderson, Wake Forest University, Dept of Biology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. – B. J. McGill, School of Biolo...

Linear stability analysis of the three dimensional plane wake flow is performed using a mapped finite di?erence scheme in a domain which is doubly infinite in the cross–stream direction of wake flow. The physical domain in cross–stream direction is mapped to the computational domain using a cotangent mapping of the form y = ?cot(??). The Squire transformation [2], proposed by Squire, is also us...

Recurrent sleep-related hypoxia occurs in common disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The marked changes in sleep after treatment suggest that stimuli associated with OSA (e.g., intermittent hypoxia) may significantly modulate sleep regulation. However, no studies have investigated the independent effects of intermittent sleep-related hypoxia on sleep regulation and recovery sleep a...

RATIONALE Previous studies modulating pharyngeal muscle activity with pharmacologic approaches have targeted membrane receptors on pharyngeal motoneurons. Whether modulation of intracellular pathways can increase pharyngeal muscle activity, however, has not been investigated but is relevant to pharmacologic treatments of obstructive sleep apnea. OBJECTIVES To determine if modulating the secon...

Neuroscientists' efforts to better understand the underlying processes of human consciousness are growing in a variety of multidisciplinary approaches. Relevant within these are the studies aimed at exploring the physiological substratum of the propagation and reduction of cerebral-namely, corticocortical-communication flows. However, the preferential direction of the information flow between b...

Leptin increases sympathetic activity, possibly contributing to hypertension in obese subjects. Hypertension increases cardiovascular mortality, with nighttime (sleep) blood pressure having a substantial prognostic value. We measured blood pressure in male leptin-deficient obese mice (ob/ob; n=7) and their lean wild-type littermates (+/+; n=11) during wakefulness, non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, ...

the aerodynamics of road vehicles has frequently been studied in simplified geometries to separate the effect of various components on aerodynamic drag and on near wake flow dynamics. in this work, the characteristics of the near wake of a notch-back car model were investigated, using hot-wire anemometer. the main objectives of this study are to gain a better understanding of the flow structure...

Sleep-wake schedule disorder is defined by DSM-III-R as a mismatch between the normal sleep-wake schedule for a person's environment and his or her circadian sleep-wake pattern. The authors report a case in which a sleep-wake schedule disorder arose after a closed head injury. Sleep-wake schedule disorder has not been described as an outcome of closed head injury. As patients with sleep-wake sc...

Throughout life, thalamocortical (TC) network alternates between activated states (wake or rapid eye movement sleep) and slow oscillatory state dominating slow-wave sleep. The patterns of neuronal firing are different during these distinct states. I propose that due to relatively regular firing, the activated states preset some steady state synaptic plasticity and that the silent periods of slo...

INTRODUCTION Many women in industrialized countries return to work while their children are infants. This is often associated with decreased breastfeeding duration or exclusivity. In order to better understand the breastfeeding support activities in childcare settings, studies were undertaken in settings with very different levels of infant mortality, breastfeeding, and breastfeeding support: A...