Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) could be one aspect of a significant and necessary movement towards green chemistry, being a potential replacement for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Unfortunately, carbon dioxide has a notoriously poor solubilising power and is famously difficult to handle. This review examines attempts and breakthroughs in enhancing the physicochemical properties of ca...

This paper presents the use of field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in a miniature Ion Mobility Spectrometer (IMS) sensor system. This IMS sensor is for detection of subsurface gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This paper describes how an FPGA is used to process the data collected from the sensor and control its overall operation. A Xilinx Microblaze soft-core processor is used to ease...

California dairies house approximately 1.8 million lactating and 1.5 million dry cows and heifers. State air regulatory agencies view these dairies as a major air pollutant source, but emissions data are sparse, particularly for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The objective of this work was to determine VOC emissions from lactating and dry dairy cows and their waste using an environmental ch...

ITP is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder characterised by a low platelet count whose cause is uncertain. A possible factor is food intolerance, although much of the information linking this with ITP is anecdotal. The role of food intolerance in ITP was studied by replacing a normal diet with an elemental diet (E028), but this did not increase platelet counts. Clear differences, however, wer...

Leaf damage induces in many plant species the secretion of extrafloral nectar (EFN) and/or the release of specific odours (volatile organic compounds, VOCs). Both traits attract carnivorous arthropods and function as indirect plant defences by increasing the predation pressure on attacking herbivores. We have conducted field experiments in Mexico and found that plants that had been exposed to V...

Vertical gradients of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured over a maize (Zea mays) field, in its early growth period, during May 1995, in the Lower Coastal Plains of North Carolina. These measurements were combined with micrometeorological flux measurements to determine emission flux measurements for various VOCs. This measurement program was part of project NOVA (Natural emissions o...

A Phoma sp. was isolated and characterized as endophytic and as a pathogen of Larrea tridentata (creosote bush) growing in the desert region of southern Utah, USA. This fungus produces a unique mixture of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including a series of sesquiterpenoids, some alcohols and several reduced naphthalene derivatives. Trans-caryophyllene, a product in the fungal VOCs, was als...

The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the indoor air come from many sources including building materials, furnishings, occupant activities and in some cases, the ventilation air. Granular activated carbons (GAC) have been increasingly used to remove these contaminants, particularly for small commercial buildings and those located in urban centers or near industrial plants where the quality o...

The performance of a modified design of local condensers to pre-treat a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the stripping process of a semiconductor fab was tested in this study. The reaction temperature of the condensers was controlled at around 10 degrees C, it is relatively higher than the traditional condenser reaction temperature. Both VOCs and water vapors were conde...