The usefulness of negative-contrast electron microscopy in the rapid differential diagnosis of poxvirus and herpesvirus exanthems is described in this study of 301 specimens from patients with vesicular exanthematous diseases. Specimens from patients with smallpox, various forms of vaccination complications, varicella, zoster (shingles), and herpes simplex are included in this evaluation. Elect...

A reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay was developed and compared with enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and virus isolation for detecting LaCrosse virus (LAC) in mosquito pools. All three techniques were able to detect a single LAC-infected mosquito in a pool of 99 negative mosquitoes. Virus isolation was the most sensitive of the three techniques; it was possible to isolate virus immediately follo...

Demographic changes and the development of transportation contribute to the rapid spread of influenza. Before an idea of a 'person to person' spread appeared, divergent theories were developed to explain influenza epidemics in the past. Intensified virological and serological tests became possible after isolation of the human influenza virus in 1933. The first influenza virus detection methods ...

Feline morbillivirus (FmoPV) is an emerging virus that was recently discovered in domestic cats with chronic nephritis. Despite the potential role of FmoPV in chronic nephritis, little is known about its biological characteristics. In this study, we established a quantitative assay of FmoPV by using an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Viral titers of FmoPV were determined in one week. Tre...

Four groups of BTV free Frisian and cross bred calves were used to determine the length of viraemia following infection with different doses of BTV-8 Italian isolate. The first group of five animals was infected with 10 TCID(50) of BTV-8, the second group of four animals with 10(3) TCID(50) and the third group, which also included four animals, was infected with 10(6) TCID(50). A placebo contai...

PURPOSE To evaluate the inhibitory effect of lambda-carrageenan type IV on feline herpesvirus (FHV)-1 in an in vitro model and in experimentally induced conjunctivitis in vaccinated cats. METHODS Standard plaque reduction assay, virus titration, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to assess the effect of carrageenan on FHV-1 in vitro. Eighteen adult specific pathogen-f...

This paper describes the first isolation of equine arteritis virus (EAV) in Argentina. The virus was isolated from the semen of an imported seropositive stallion held in isolation at a breeding farm in Tandil in the Buenos Aires Province. In addition, viral nucleic acid was detected in seminal plasma using the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The isolated virus was propagated in...

We report on the isolation of a novel fusogenic orthoreovirus from bat flies (Eucampsipoda africana) associated with Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) collected in South Africa. Complete sequences of the ten dsRNA genome segments of the virus, tentatively named Mahlapitsi virus (MAHLV), were determined. Phylogenetic analysis places this virus into a distinct clade with Baboon orthoreo...

The V protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 blocks interferon (IFN) signaling by targeting STAT1 for proteasome-mediated degradation. Here we report on the isolation of human cell lines that express the V protein and can no longer respond to IFN. A variety of viruses, particularly slow-growing wild-type viruses and vaccine candidate viruses (which are attenuated due to mutations that affe...

The suitability of tissue cultures of canine origin for isolation of viruses from dogs was studied. Primary cultures of kidney, lung, heart and whole dog embryo, low-passage tracheal cells and a continuous line of epithelial-like cells derived from dog kidney were challenged with 27viruses. These included the infectious caninehepatitis virus, two coxsackieAand six coxsackieBviruses, three types...