OBJECTIVES To determine the induction and changes in anti-influenza virus secretory IgA (s-IgA) levels in nasal washes and serum IgG levels in patients with influenza. METHODS The study recruited 16 patients with influenza aged 35.6 ± 9.6 years in 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 seasons. Nasal washes and serum were obtained throughout the first year. Anti-viral s-IgA levels and neutralization activit...

In many parts of the World, medical male circumcision (MMC) is used as standard prevention of care against HIV infection. This is based on seminal reports made over 10 years ago that removal of the foreskin provides up to 60% protection against HIV infection in males and seems currently the best antiretroviral-free prevention strategy yet against the global epidemic. We explore the potential me...

BACKGROUND Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in Africa. The circulation of viruses classically implicated in ARIs is poorly known in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to identify the respiratory viruses present in children admitted to or consulting at the pediatric hospital in Ouagadougou. METHODS From July 2010 to July 2011, we...

OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to find out epidemiologic characteristic of tuberculosis (TB) cases, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive cases among TB patients (TB/HIV co-infection) through demographic, temporal, and spatial study in Urumqi. METHODS Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied to identify the epidemiologic characteristics and risk facto...

Telecommunication networks, as well as other network types, are critical infrastructures where any service disruption has a notable impact on individuals. Hence, studying network dynamics under failures or attacks is of paramount importance. In this paper, we assess the robustness of networks with respect to the spread of Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible (SIS) epidemics, using the N-Intertwined...

Since early March 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) infection has claimed 346 cases and 37 deaths in Taiwan. The epidemic occurred in two stages. The first stage caused limited familial or hospital infections and lasted from early March to mid-April. All cases had clear contact histories, primarily from Guangdong or Hong Kong. The second stage resulted in a la...

The epidemic COVID-19 is the utmost dreadful disaster of current human life that led to public health's global health as a major care issue. Patients have signs, for instance, fever, dry cough, dyspnoea, sore throat, nasal congestion, besides glassy lung opacities. infection has two immune protective and damaging phases, physicians attempt improve patient reactions. Vitamin D various ways actio...

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused great damage to the global pig industry. Innate immunity plays a significant role in resisting viral infection; however, exact of innate anti-PEDV response not been fully elucidated. In this study, we observed that various porcine immune signaling adaptors are involved (AJ1102-like strain) activity transfected Vero cells. Among these, TRIF and M...

Although it is well-known that some types of respiratory viral infections cause airway hyperresponsiveness in humans, the effect of viral infection on the cough threshold in asthmatics is not known. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of naturally-acquired influenza A virus infection on the cough threshold to inhaled acid in children with asthma. Twelve children with asthma (9 boys and 3 girls...

Culex flavivirus (CxFV) is an insect-specific flavivirus globally distributed in mosquitoes of the genus Culex. CxFV was positively associated with West Nile virus (WNV) infection in a case-control study of 268 mosquito pools from an endemic focus of WNV transmission in Chicago, United States. Specifically, WNV-positive Culex mosquito pools were four times more likely also to be infected with C...