This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis and combined herbs extracts on physiological immune characteristics, intestinal microbiota, vibriosis resistance sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. The cucumbers were fed with basal diets supplemented B. (B group), (C or both (BC group). BC group exhibited better growth performance higher digestive enzyme activities, w...

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, as a vibriosis, causes huge losses to the aquaculture industry, food poisoning in humans and activates macrophages induce pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chloroquine (CQ), an anti-inflammatory property, this study aimed investigate effect of CQ on inflammatory response V. parahaemolyticus RAW 264.7 macrophages. The result showed that induced production T-cell co-stimulatory...