OBJECTIVE In patients with unilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), it has been suggested that injection of a non-refluxing but cystoscopically abnormal contralateral ureteral orifice (UO) with dextranomer/hyaluronic acid (Dx/HA) should be performed to prevent the development of de-novo contralateral VUR. We evaluate the effectiveness of this practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with primar...

BACKGROUND Patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) undergoing treatment appear to have improvement in symptoms before the complete resolution of the laryngeal findings. OBJECTIVE To determine whether patients with LPR experience an improvement in symptoms before the complete resolution of the laryngeal findings. METHODOLOGY Forty consecutive patients with LPR documented by double-probe...

AIM To find the trend in patient's visits to our centers for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). We hypothesize that VUR diagnosis and hence possible nephropathy recognition may be diminishing because of changing practice patterns. METHODS Data were extracted from electronic medical records for new and follow-up patients aged 0-18 years with ICD-9/10 codes to correspond with VUR, VUR unilateral, VUR...

PURPOSE Positioned instillation of contrast cystograms have been touted as possibly being more sensitive than standard cystograms for evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux. We performed positioned instillation of contrast cystograms intraoperatively, immediately after the injection of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid to treat vesicoureteral reflux, to determine whether they might be predictive of oper...

BACKGROUND Further investigation of confirmed UTI in children aims to prevent renal scarring and future complications. METHODS We conducted a systematic review to determine the most effective approach to the further investigation of confirmed urinary tract infection (UTI) in children under five years of age. RESULTS 73 studies were included. Many studies had methodological limitations or we...

OBJECTIVE Screening siblings of index patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) has been proposed to identify children who are at risk for renal damage. However, screening siblings for VUR remains controversial. We investigated the prevalence of VUR and renal cortical abnormalities in the sibling population in a large cohort of families with VUR. METHODS Between 1998 and 2012, parents of inde...

PURPOSE To determine whether cyclic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) examinations can be performed without using real-time fluoroscopic monitoring. MATERIALS AND METHODS VCUG examinations were performed in 209 children (133 girls and 76 boys). In each child, it was performed in a cyclic manner (three consecutive cycles) without using fluoroscopic monitoring and one radiograph was taken in ea...

BACKGROUND Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common abnormality of the urinary tract in childhood. OBJECTIVES As urine enters the ureters and renal pelvis during voiding in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), we hypothesized that change in body water composition before and after voiding may be less different in children with VUR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were grouped as those with VUR (Group 1...

INTRODUCTION Durasphere® EXP (DEXP) is a compound of biocompatible and non-biodegradable particles of zirconium oxide covered with pyrolytic carbon. The aim of this study is to evaluate the durability of off-label use of DEXP in the treatment of primary vesicoureteral reflux in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who underwent subureteric injection of DEXP for the correction of primary V...

Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde passage of urine from the bladder to the urinary tract and causes 8.5% of end-stage renal disease in children. It is a complex genetic developmental disorder, in which ectopic embryonal ureteric budding is implicated in the pathogenesis. VUR is part of the spectrum of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT). We performed an ext...