BACKGROUND Cree births in Quebec are characterized by the highest reported prevalence of macrosomia (~35%) in the world. It is unclear whether Cree births are at greater elevated risk of perinatal and infant mortality than other First Nations relative to non-Aboriginal births in Quebec, and if macrosomia may be related. METHODS This was a population-based retrospective birth cohort study usin...

OBJECTIVE Infancy is a critical period during which rapid growth potentially programs future disease risk. Identifying the modifiable determinants of growth is therefore important. To capture the complexity of infant growth, we modeled growth trajectories from birth to six months in order to compare the genetic and environmental influences on growth trajectory parameters with single time-point ...

This statement is intended for health care professionals caring for neonates and young infants. The objectives of this statement are to review the short and long term effects of systemic and inhaled postnatal corticosteroids for the prevention or treatment of evolving or established chronic lung disease, and to make recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in infants with very low birth w...

Preterm birth, a major determinant of infant mortality, has been increasing in recent years. The authors examined trends in preterm birth and its determinants by using the US birth and infant death files for 1989-1997. The impact of trends in preterm birth rates on neonatal and infant mortality was also evaluated. Among Whites, preterm births (<37 completed weeks of gestation) increased from 8....

BACKGROUND Various perinatal factors influencing neuromotor development are known from cross sectional studies. Factors influencing the age at which distinct abilities are acquired are uncertain. We hypothesized that the Cox regression model might identify these factors. METHODS Neonates treated at Aachen University Hospital in 2000/2001 were identified retrospectively (n = 796). Outcome data...

From 112 triplet sets, born in The Netherlands from the end of 1986 to the beginning of 1991 and registered in the Dutch Twin Register, several details such as birth weight, gestational age, zygosity, and etiology were assessed by questionnaire, which was filled out by the mother. For 33 triplet sets, zygosity was also assessed by blood typing. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was also noted. ...

Participants Mother-infant pairs were enrolled if the mother intended to breast feed, had no illnesses contraindicating breast feeding, and had given birth to a healthy, singleton infant who had a gestational age ≥ 37 weeks, birth weight ≥ 2500 g, and a 5 minute Apgar score ≥ 5. 17 046 mother-infant pairs were enrolled, and 16 471 (97%) completed follow up. 31 sites were included in the analysi...

OBJECTIVE To describe interruptions (door openings and telephone calls) to breastfeeding dyads on postpartum day 1. DESIGN A descriptive design of continuous observations of persons entering the mother's room plus record of phone calls from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. on postpartum day 1. SETTING Single bedded postpartum rooms in a tertiary level university hospital in northern Midwest United States. ...

BACKGROUND Iron supplementation may be associated with oxidative stress particularly in premature infants. Our purpose was to examine 1) early supplemental iron during treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) and oxidative stress; 2) enhanced iron absorption during EPO in those infants receiving human milk. Therefore, we determined the effect of erythropoietin plus supplemental iron intakes (4 mg/kg...