Many organisms spanning from bacteria to mammals orient to the earth's magnetic field. For a few animals, central neurons responsive to earth-strength magnetic fields have been identified; however, magnetosensory neurons have yet to be identified in any animal. We show that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans orients to the earth's magnetic field during vertical burrowing migrations. Well-fed w...

We present a generalized center terminal cell model and propose over the cell routing algorithms, utilizing the new feature of the model, i.e., Vertical Floating Pins. First we approach the problem by linear integer programming, and second by dynamic programming. For further channel density reduction, both approaches have been combined with linear channel pin assignment, that has been studied b...

We consider Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space-Time (V-BLAST) systems in correlated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) Nakagami-m fading channels with equal power allocated to each transmit antenna and also we consider that the channel state information (CSI) is available only at the receiver. Now for practical application, study of the VBLAST MIMO system in correlated environment is n...

| The channel segmentation design problem for symmetrical FPGAs is the problem of designing segmented tracks in the interconnection channels to provide good net routability and delay performance at the same time. In this paper, we show how to decompose the problem into the segmentation design problems of the vertical and horizontal channels by a statistical analysis of the net distribution on a...

[1] Data on channel geometry in naturally incising bedrock rivers reveal variable relationships between channel width, slope, and erosion rate. To explain the range of relationships between these parameters, we propose an optimized channel geometry model. The model reproduces previous theoretical and numerical modeling scaling relationships; however, to explain the field data, the model must in...

I today’s multibrand, multichannel marketplace, optimal channel design involves issues such as distribution intensity, channel exclusivity, vertical and horizontal coordination, and online–offline mixed structures. We investigate how a firm’s choice in these design issues affects its profitability under varying levels of brand and outlet differentiation. Our spatial model explicitly captures he...

In the current study, twin wind blades are designed, fabricated and the effect of various gap ratio (g*) at various angle of attacks (α) on a next to each other twin wind blades are examined in an open-channel wind tunnel. Aerodynamic forces and moments are determined by using three-constraint force balancer. For gap ratio of zero, the aerodynamic attributes are like those of a solitary wind bl...

In order to present a new and high performance structure of PEM fuel cell and study the influence of the flow direction and distribution on the rate of reactants diffusion, three novel models of vertical reactant flow injection into the anode and cathode reaction area field have been introduced. They consist of one inlet and two inlets and also a continuous channel. The governing equations on t...

Apparent shear stress acting on a vertical interface between the main channel and floodplain in a compound channel serves to quantify the momentum transfer between sub sections of this cross section. In this study, three soft computing methods are used to simulate apparent shear stress in prismatic compound channels. The Genetic Algorithm Artificial neural network (GAA), Genetic Programming (GP...