During 2012-2015, 10 of 24 patients infected with matching genotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis received care at the same hospital in Gaborone, Botswana. Nosocomial transmission was initially suspected, but we discovered plausible sites of community transmission for 20 (95%) of 21 interviewed patients. Active case-finding at these sites could halt ongoing transmission.

Maekawa considered a simple but suboptimal grid based quorum generation scheme in which N sites in a network are logically organized in the form of a p N p N grid, and the quorum sets are row-column pairs. Even though the quorum size 2 p N of the grid scheme is twice as large as nite projective plane based optimal size quorums, it has the advantage of being simple and geometrically evident. In ...

We exhibit an explicit formula for the spectral density of a (large) random matrix which is a diagonal matrix whose spectral density converges, perturbated by the addition of a symmetric matrix with Gaussian entries and a given (small) limiting variance profile. 1. Perturbation of the spectral density of a large diagonal matrix In this paper, we consider the spectral measure of a random matrix ...

In this paper a hyperbolic Riemann surface is described, and the uniformizing function for this surface is constructed. The uniformizing function for this hyperbolic surface is an infinite product similar to the ones constructed for some parabolic surfaces in earlier studies [1], [2], [4]. Description of the surface. Let I denote the positive integers. For each iEI, let C, be the vertical line ...

One of the main objectives of geophysics is to find how density ρ and other physical characteristics depend on a 3-D location (x, y, z). In general, in numerical methods, a way to find the dependence ρ(x, y, z) is to discretize the space, and to consider, as unknown, e.g., values ρ(x, y, z) on a 3-D rectangular grid. In this case, the desired density distribution is represented as a combination...

Traditional databases have long since reaped the benefits of multidimensional indexes. Numerous proposals in the literature describe multidimensional index designs for P2P systems. However, none of these designs have had real world implementations. Several proposals for P2P multidimensional indexes are reviewed and analyzed. Znet and VBI-tree are the most promising from a technical standpoint. ...

Let’s suppose we have a set of one-dimensional ranges S = {s1, s2, ..., sN}, with each range in the form (x1, x2) and a set of queries Q = {q1, q2, ..., qN}. Batched Stabbing Query Problem (BSQP) asks to report for each element qi ∈ S, which ranges sj ∈ S contain qi. Another way to look at the problem is to view the set S as horizontal segments and Q as infinite vertical lines (as depicted in F...

In this paper, we develop a mathematical model to study the transmission dynamics of visceral leishmaniasis. Three populations: dogs, sandflies and humans, are considered in the model. Based on recent studies, we include vertical transmission of dogs in the spread of the disease. We also investigate the impact of asymptomatic humans and dogs as secondary reservoirs of the parasites. The basic r...

This paper attempts to detect the existence of links in consumption preferences between generations. Preferences for consumption goods may be determined by the preferences of parents (vertical transmission) and/or by preferences arising from the environment (horizontal transmission). We propose an indirect methodology to overcome the lack of data on consumption choices of dynasties, i.e., paren...

This study aimed to predict the velocity corresponding to the maximal lactate steady state (MLSSV) from non-invasive variables obtained during a maximal multistage running field test (modified University of Montreal Track Test, UMTT), and to determine whether a single constant velocity test (CVT), performed several days after the UMTT, could estimate the MLSSV. Within 4-5 weeks, 20 male runners...