This study investigated the dynamics of Aspergillus fumigatus azole-resistant phenotypes in two compost heaps with contrasting azole exposures: azole free and azole exposed. After heat shock, to which sexual but not asexual spores are highly resistant, the azole-free compost yielded 98% (49/50) wild-type and 2% (1/50) azole-resistant isolates, whereas the azole-containing compost yielded 9% (4/...

A composting product of marine animal resources has been used as a fertilizer and a soil conditioner in Japan. This compost was produced by a repeated fed-batch fermentation system with three successive aerobic bioreactors. Composting temperature reached about 75 degrees C without heating. The bacterial diversity in this compost was investigated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)...

The aim of this study was to investigate the composting of separated pig manure solids with or without a variety of bulking agents at a low initial C/N ratio (12.5-23.3). Compost stability was investigated using an oxygen uptake rate (OUR) test and compost maturity was investigated using a germination index test. All treatments showed typical patterns of compost temperature. Temperatures above ...

Treatment of domestic waste is generally carried out by activated sludge process. The waste solid sludge can be treated by various aerobic and anaerobic treatment processes. Aerobic treatment methods need space and time. Anaerobic treatments have advantages such as space utilization and production of fuel gases such as methane. Up flow anaerobic sludge digester or fluidized bed digester can be ...

are enhanced. Sugarcane germination can also be promoted by increasing soil Ca (Mohandas et al., 1983). Louisiana sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) is produced mainly on For some crops, gypsum is effective in reducing the heavy-textured soils that offer less than ideal conditions for growth and function of the root system. Cultural practices that improve the incidence of soil-borne diseases (Kao and K...

Compost tea describes a procedure where compost is mixed with water. The mixture may be left to stand with minimal disturbance, also called “compost extract” or “steepage”, or actively supplied with oxygen by an aquarium pump to stimulate population growth of aerobic microbes. This project examined actively aerated compost tea. Over a 3-year period, 25 experiments were conducted where a standar...

Composting is a natural process that turns organic material into a dark rich substance called compost. Aerobic Composting is the creation of compost that depends on bacteria that thrive in an oxygen rich environment. Aerobic bacteria manage the chemical process by converting the inputs (i.e. air, water and carbon and nitrogen rich materials) into heat, carbon dioxide and ammonium. The ammonium ...

Extreme growing conditions inhibit restoration in sandpit mines. Co-amendment of soil conditioners such as biochar, compost, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may alleviate these stresses and lead to a more successful restoration. We conducted a multiyear restoration experiment in a sandpit in Southern Ontario, Canada, following industrial-scale grassland restoration protocols. The sandpit...

Passive aeration systems are more economical than active aeration systems and deliver similar performance, but mathematical descriptions of the process are inadequate for use in design or optimization. Therefore, a practical analytical model of airflow development in passively aerated compost was developed. The model relates the physical characteristics and temperature of the compost with the p...

Fungal community composition in composts of lignocellulosic wastes was assessed via 454-pyrosequencing of ITS1 libraries derived from the three major composting phases. Ascomycota represented most (93%) of the 27,987 fungal sequences. A total of 102 genera, 120 species, and 222 operational taxonomic units (OTUs; >97% similarity) were identified. Thirty genera predominated (ca. 94% of the sequen...